The article assesses the effect of gel fertilizers on growth (average shoot length and bush growth in general), grape productivity, quality and transportability. Studies on the effect of new generation mineral gel fertilizers on the table grape of the Italy variety in the Mountain Valley Crimea proved their positive impact on growth, yield and quality of grape plants. There was a significant increase in phytometric indicators in the experimental variant compared to the reference: the average length of one-year shoots - by 17.7 cm (9.9%) and growth of the bush - 153.6 cm³ (7.8%). The yield increase when using new generation fertilizers was 2.2 t/ha (11.2%), mainly due to a significant increase in the average bunch weight. The use of gel fertilizers has improved the transportability of the bunches and grapes.

In 2019-2021, a study of the species composition and current state of ornamental lawns in two parks, a boulevard and ten public gardens in Stavropol was conducted to evaluate the range of lawns used, their current state and to determine the effectiveness of the management measures taken to improve the quality of lawn coverings. The collected database can be used to make effective economic decisions to optimize the range and increase the ecological and aesthetic value of landscaping objects. The longevity of a lawn depends on the selection of lawn formers adapted to the given soil and climate conditions, capable of producing a high-quality lawn for many years and on proper care. The survey found that lawn grasses of the first and second quality groups were mainly used to create lawn coverings - Poapratensis L., Festuca rubra L., Lolium perenne L., with Trifolium repens L. subseeds. In most cases, grass mixtures were used to create lawns. Recently, a more drought-resistant species, Festuca arundinacea Schreb, has been used more often as a lawn-forming agent. Most of the surveyed grass stands were rated “satisfactory" and “good" lawn. Stationary irrigation systems have been installed in a number of new landscaping facilities; rolled lawns have been used more often. Among the factors of negative impact on non-irrigated lawns are long dry periods, which led to the burning of lawn grass up to II-IVpoints, in 2018 - more than 50 days, in 2019 - more than 40 days, in 2020 - more than 60 days. At the same time, they lost their decorative, environmental and sanitary functions. Another negative environmental factor was the shading of lawns by tree crowns, which leads to thinning of the herbage, loss of decorative effect and the formation of dead covers. Additional shading of the lawn grasses was provided by leaf litter which was not removed in time. Almost all lawns had weed species that increased in number with age (clogging 1-3 points, abundance r-3). As a rule, mowing lawns did not destroy perennial weeds, the renewal zones of which were below the cut-off level of the lawn mower. No insect and disease damage to plants was detected. Negative anthropogenic disturbances on the surveyed landscaping objects are trampling, laying trails, dog walking. Lawns are regularly seeded and repaired.

For spring wheat, it is extremely relevant to study drought resistance in the initial phases of the growing season, as water deficiency during this period leads to significant yield losses. The method of seed germination in distilled water (control) and sucrose solution (experiment) makes it possible to evaluate drought resistance by morphological characteristics in the seedling phase. The studied varieties of spring wheat belonging to different ecotypes significantly differed in the number of germinal roots, total seedling biomass, redistribution of plastic substances between root and the general combining ability (GCA). The Nos Norko variety (Germany) had a significantly high number of germinal roots in the control (109% of the group average) and a consistently high OCS in the series of generations, which allows it to be classified as a donor of this trait. The Klein Vencedor variety (Argentina) had the highest seedling weight (112...120%) in the control and experimental variants. This genotype was also characterized by a relatively low stress response. The resulting hybrids differed in their seedling weight in the second and third generations. The RSR diagnostic method makes it possible to clearly differentiate the studied varieties by adaptive drought resistance strategy. The Jahuara F-77 (Mexico) andKarabalykskaya 91 (Kazakhstan) varieties redistributed most of the plastic substances in the roots under water shortage, the Nos Norko (Germany) and Erythrospermum 1129 (Russia) varieties maintained a stable root/sprout ratio. The inclusion of selected varieties in the crossing program will produce hybrids with maximum genetic diversity and expanded amplitude of possible adaptation to changes in the hydrothermal regime. In practical work, when analyzing breeding material under control conditions, it is important to note that genotypes with a large number of roots were characterized by good donor properties of this trait. Under stress conditions, genotypes with a large number of germinal roots had an increased seedling biomass and increased root/sprout ratio. The heritability of the studied traits indicates that the selection efficiency may be higher in terms of the number of roots and RSR in the control, and in terms of seedling weight in the experiment.

This article presents the results of the research on the effect of attractant dosages in pheromone preparations for the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), on its monitoring efficiency in an orchard agroecosystem. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in a peach orchard nearby Erd town, Hungary. Russian-produced pheromone preparations were used within pyramidal traps. It was observed that with increasing pheromone dosage the average catch rate of H. halys definitely increased. The average increase in the frequency of catching insects in a row with the dosage of12, 24, 36 and 48 mg was 30, 19, and 12% in relation to the previous used dosage.

Population analysis of plant communities makes it possible to predict the development and transformation of natural cenoses under anthropogenic effect, to solve problems aimed at optimizing the biogeocenotic cover. The Festuca valesiaca Gaudin community was studied in the southern arid zone of Russia. The experiment was carried out in the Baskunchak-Kharabalin plain in the specially protected area of the Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky Nature Reserve, where the grazing regime is moderate. In the first case, cenopopulations of the normal type predominate, which is an indicator of their stability and the stability of the community as a whole. Grazing intensifies the processes of vegetative reproduction and seed invasion from other cenoses. This increases the number of individuals and species diversity. Under grazing conditions, the number of non-stable - invasive and invasively regressive cenopopulations increases. The Bassia prostrata (L.) Beck (Chenopodiaceae), Astragalus dolichophyllus Pall. (Fabaceae), Agropyron desertorum (Fisch ex Link) Schult. (Poaceae), Agropyron fragile (Roth) P Candargy (Poaceae) cenopopulations fall first out of the community composition. The dominant Festuca valesiaca centropopulation plays a significant phytocoenotic role in steppe and semi-desert biocenoses and shows a high degree of stability without changing its parameters in the grazed area. It is concluded that moderate grazing, while increasing the species diversity of the community and the number of individuals, causes destabilisation and regression of a number of non-dominant cenopopopulations.

The article shows the analysis of the effect of long-term application (since 2006) of nonmoldboard and combined systems of main tillage in a crop rotation in comparison with annual moldboard tillage on productivity of spring wheat, yield and phytosanitary state of barley. The author studied tillage options in a cereal-grass rotation (71% cereals) with different types of fallow (clean, manured, clover and mustard) and with winter rye straw left in the field. Annual mouldboard tillage resulted in the highest yields of spring wheat and barley in the experiment - 2.90 and 2.31 t/ha. Annual nonmoldboard tillage resulted in a significant reduction in wheat yield to 2.61 t/ha and barley yield to 1.28 t/ha. The combined tillage system, alternating two mouldboard and four nonmoldboard treatments per rotation, ensured the wheat yield at the level of the mouldboard system - 2.82 t/ha, and a decrease in barley yields to 1.85 t/ha. In 2020, the limiting factor for barley yield formation in the variants with surface distribution of crop residues and straw was increased weed infestation and deterioration of the phytosanitary state of the crop. Straw had a depressive effect on the yield of the last crops in a crop rotation with pure fallow. Crop yields decreased by 0.43 and 0.26 t/ha. Wheat yield was 2.34 t/ha, barley yield was 1.41 t/ha. Green manure mustard and clover fallows leveled the depressive effect of straw. The yields of the 6th and 7th crops of the crop rotation were at the control level (2.69-2.78 t/ha of wheat and 1.70-1.81 t/ha of barley). Regardless of the tillage system and the use of by-products as organic fertilizer, the application of manure ensured the highest yields of the final crops of the rotation: 3.10 and 2.99 t/ha for spring wheat and 2.00 and 2.14 t/ha for barley.

The unstable economic situation in both the Russian and global markets, combined with limited material, labor and other resources, leads to the need to create new management technologies. Standard methods and forms of organizing financial and economic activities are becoming less relevant due to low adaptability to changing conditions. The most flexible and strategic-oriented management system is project management, which is a management concept based on the labor, material and financial resources of an economic entity entrusted to an independent unit (project) to achieve specific objectives with specific requirements for time, quality, money and material resources. Project management is widely used in the public sector as it enables the achievement of the set goals within the set timeframe and cost limits. The prevalence of project management in business sector has been growing in recent years, but it cannot fully function without prompt and objective information support. The traditional accounting system is not always able to fully meet the information needs of users due to significant differences in the implementation of process and project activities. The introduction of an autonomous management accounting system that accumulates relevant information on economic, business and other processes for effective decision-making by management personnel can help to solve this problem. One of the key aspects in building a management accounting system is to create the most effective financial structure of an economic entity. The purpose of this research is to identify the features of financial structuring of project activities from the perspective of management accounting, namely, the study of the centers offinancial responsibility (characteristics, performance indicators). The result of this research is the financial structure of an agricultural organization that carries out project activities.

The article is dedicated to the memory of one of the leading agrochemists of the USSR, professor Petr Mikhailovich Smirnov. The rise of the outstanding scientist as a researcher and teacher is shown. The contribution of P.M. Smirnov to the development of agrochemistry, the use of mineral fertilizers and agriculture of our country is described. The article was written in connection with the 100^th anniversary of P.M. Smirnov.