The paper presents the results of an immunological assessment of the lesion of table carrot varieties by Alternaria on an artificial infectious background in the conditions of the Moscow region in 2011-2019. To carry out visual assessments of the resistance of varieties, seeds were sown on an artificial infectious soil background of A. radicina (root confinement), additionally with subsequent spraying of plants with a spore suspension of A. dauci (leaf confinement). The studied varietal material of table carrots was divided into groups depending on the resistance - susceptibility range. The studies were based on successive selections of resistant plants (genotypes) over 6-8 years, even with a minimal number of them. As a result of four cycles of selection against an artificial infectious background of genotypes (plants) at different stages of ontogenesis, an increase in resistance was noticed. Each subsequent selection was characterized not only by the number of relatively resistant plants in the studied variety populations increased, but also the decreased average score of their lesion. Based on this, the authors have identified the breeding material of table carrots with high resistance to alternariosis.

The paper presents the results of long-term research on the development of super-intensive mother plants. The reaction of mother plants to the use of different modes of loading shoots on a grape Bush of the hard-to-root Purple early variety was revealed. Based on a comprehensive study of the physiological anatomical changes of the vine under different load conditions, the authors have shown the quality and quantity of cuttings obtained. The efficiency of developing superintensive mother plants in the conditions of the Chechen Republic on sandy soils has been studied. Such mother plantations can be used to harvest cuttings in a timely manner, using the best in their quality for reproduction. The net income in the discussed experiments was 23,717.21 thousand rubles, therefore, it increased almost 2 times and finally, the profitability is equal to 140.87%, which is 79% more than the control level.

The paper presents the results of studies to determine the efficiency of growing spring barley depending on the methods of direct sowing using technology based on the use of combined machines. The authors determined the influence of direct sowing methods on the grain yield of spring barley (Hordeum sativum Jessen) in the conditions of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Based on the research data, a significant effect of direct sowing methods on the yield of spring barley was established. It was determined that the sowing option significantly minimizes the level of weediness of spring grain crops, mainly due to presowing soil preparation. The smallest contamination of crops was in the case of using a seed drill with combined undercutting-type working units and disc coulter systems with support-pressing wheels. The highest soil hardness was observed when using a seeder with disc working units, the sections of which consist of modules for local loosening of the soil. The difference in soil hardness as compared with the control reached 34%. The soil density in the root development zone of plants in all variants of the experiment did not go beyond the optimum. Before harvesting, the moisture content of the upper soil layers in the variants with direct sowing was 3-5% higher, and the moisture content of the lower layers was 1-2% lower than in the control. It was proved that due to the use of a direct sowing seeder, the sections of which consist of modules for local loosening of the soil and wavy discs are installed in front of the coulters, the grain yield increases on average by 20% as compared to the control.

To increase the livestock productivity, it is important to increase feed production, while expanding the areas under drought-resistant multi-grained crops that have high feed values and productivity, as well as the ability to grow quickly after mowing. One crop oa this kind is Sudan grass. But, despite all its advantages, its yield in the conditions of the Volgograd region remains at a low level, so it is necessary to improve the technology of its cultivation. The paper reflects the results of the five-year research on the ways to increase the yield of green mass of Sudan grass by determining the optimal seeding rate. The experiments were carried out on chestnut soils in the conditions of JSC “Agrofirma “Vostok” of the Nikolaevsk district of the Volgograd region. Three seeding rates were studied: 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mln germinable seeds per hectare. The object of research was the Yulia variety. The highest percentage of field germination in all years of research was observed in the variant with a seeding rate of 1.0 million/ha - 85.3%. At the same time, the reverse dynamics was observed in the contamination of the Sudan grass crops, and when the crops were thickened, a decrease in the number and weight of weeds was observed. The largest part of the Sudan grass crop is formed in the first mowing and ranges from 60.3% at a seeding rate of 1.0 million tons of germinable seeds/ha to 63.3% at the 1.5 mln tons of germinable seeds/ha of total productivity. The study of the influence of different seeding rates on the productivity of Sudan grass showed the advantage of a seeding rate of 1.5 mln tons of germinable seeds/ha. This option ensured an increase compared to a seeding rate of 2.0 mln germinating seeds/ha in total for three mowings of 4.3 t/ha at a seeding rate of 1.0 million. An increase in the seeding rate to 2.0 million germinable seeds/ha reduced the yield by 2.2 t/ha as compared with a normative rate of 1.5 mln germinable seeds/ha.

The issues of increasing the volume of velvet antler production and obtaining highly productive young breeders are still relevant in the velvet antler deer farming. This study aims to assess the quality of the fawn and stag stock of the Novotalitskaya line of the Altai-Sayan breed. The work was carried out at three velvet antler farms of the Novotalitskoye Experiment Station of Federal Altai Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies (FASCA): Pokrovka, Sentelek and Aba farms. During the period of velvet antler cutting from May to July 2020, the authors assessed 1,661 animals (266 fawns having their first antlers and 1,395 maral stags). They assessed the quality of 834 maral stags (of which 96 fawns) at the Pokrovka farm; 574 maral stags (including 69 fawns) at the Sentelek farm, and 253 maral stags (including 101 fawns) at the Aba farm. At the Novotalitskoye Experiment Station, 48.5% of the stock is aged 2-5, 41.7% is aged 6-10, and 9.8% is aged 11 or older. For the Pokrovka farm these age categories were 42.5%, 42.5% and 15.0%, respectively; for the Sentelek farm had 45.1%, 50.0% and 49%; and the Aba farm had 75.9%, 20.1% and 4.0%. The average velvet antler productivity per one fawn of the Novotalitskaya line of the Alta-Say-an breed was 1.5 kg (minimal indicator: 0.2 kg, maximal indicator: 2.7 kg), whereas the same value per one maral stag was 5.2 kg (minimal indicator: 0.5 kg, maximal indicator: 13.1 kg). As for the quality classes, the 11-12-year-old group showed the maximal number of elite-class animals (10.3-12.8%); the 11-13-year-old group had the most first-class animals (29.7-36.0%); the 2-3-year-old-group had the most of second-class animals (62.0-65.4%), and the 4-5-year-old group had the most of third-class animals (29.2-32.8%). According to the international classification of velvet antlers, 60.0% of the raw velvet antlers belong to the Н - F₃ group.

For many years agriculture has played an important role in supporting Vietnam’s economy. Despite the remarkable achievements, agricultural production in Vietnam is still self-sufficient and the household income is not high as compared to the inherent capacity of the industry. Based on the Vietnam Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) database for 2007, 2012, and 2016, the study has measured the income multipliers for the agricultural sector. The research results show the importance offorestry for household income in the country, as well as the relative impact offishery, crop production, livestock breeding, and agricultural services on household income in different regions during this period. Therefore, to ensure income growth for all household groups, it is necessary to focus on the development of forestry. If the policy goal is rural modernization or urbanization, the focus should be made on relevant sectors such as fishery, crop production, livestock breeding, and agricultural services.

Accurate and complete information on the status and use of agricultural lands is required to take rational managerial decisions in the agricultural industry. Their aim is to ensure agricultural development and the effective use of agricultural lands, in particular. Analysis of information sources containing data on the status and use of agricultural lands shows that there are data pitfalls related to the area of agricultural lands and the area of agricultural lands not used as intended. This study revealed that there is misinformation about the area of vacant agricultural lands and the area of unclaimed land areas in the Russian Federation. The reliability of the available information on the area of agricultural lands of different ownership forms is questionable, provided that the division of agricultural land occurs at a slow pace. Accurate, complete, and timely information on the land market and accurate state cadastral assessment of agricultural lands will reduce the information asymmetry that impairs the selection, and improve the conditions for the agricultural land market operation. The existing problems with the accuracy and completeness of information on the status and use of agricultural lands should be resolved through improvements in the Unified Federal Information System for Agricultural Lands. The system was put into operation in 2018 by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, which collects and consolidates information on agricultural lands. To do this, it is required to develop a mechanism that allows the EFIS ZSN to receive information from various sources, while one of the information providers should not be interested in its content.

An urgent task for dairy cattle breeding is to study the genetic structure of the population by polymorphic systems, which serves as one of the elements of genetic monitoring. Based on the analysis of new methods for assessing the genotypes of animals, it is advisable not only to increase the total amount of protein, but also to increase individual qualitative indicators of protein-milk content. The purpose of the research is to study the occurrence frequency of the Bola-DRB3 gene alleles in sire bulls of the Holstein breed. Based on the analysis, it was noted that out of ten alleles of the Bola-DRB3 gene, in which a relationship was established with milk productivity indicators, the highest occurrence frequency of was observed in allele 22 (25.2%), and the lowest in alleles 10 and 26 (2%). Analysis of the assessment of sire bulls by the quality of offspring with sensitive (S), neutral (N) and resistant (R) groups of alleles showed that bulls having the sensitive alleles of the Bola-DRB3 gene featured higher evaluation rates.