On the problems of the formation of technical and technological sovereignty in agriculture of the Russian Federation

The article is devoted to problems and tendencies of formation of technological sovereignty and its basis. The research is based on the tasks set by the top officials of the state in the issues of ensuring technological sovereignty in Russian agriculture, the works of domestic scientists considering these issues. The main reasons limiting and negatively influencing the formation of technological (technical) sovereignty in agriculture are considered. Within the framework of the analysis of these reasons, the structure of investments in the purchase of agricultural machinery in recent years in the farms of one of the regions of the Urals Federal District is considered, the correlation analysis is carried out to assess the relationship of indicators characterizing the low share of participation of credit resources in the technological capacity building of the industry. As a result of mathematical calculations and correlation analysis, the optimal interest rate of the Central Bank is determined so that the banking system can become a driver of technological development. The authors emphasize the fundamental difference between the structure of investments in small farms and in agricultural enterprises. The study defines the role and capabilities of the state in the development of the domestic agro-industrial sector, including the agricultural machinery industry and the agricultural sector. Using the methodology for determining the normative requirements for the main types of agricultural machinery, the authors modeled the dynamics of the formation of the agricultural machinery fleet to ensure technical sovereignty in Russian agriculture. It is concluded that in order to achieve technical (technological) sovereignty it is necessary to increase the production of the main types of agricultural machinery and to create conditions for their purchase by agricultural producers.

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