Effect of laser radiation on barley seeds of Rodnik Prikamya variety

Laser irradiation represents a promising approach for pre-sowing seed treatment in agricultural plants. This energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technology can enhance germination rates, reduce seed contamination, and improve plant vigor. This article presents the results of a germination experiment on barley seeds irradiated with lasers at wavelengths of 637 nm (red spectrum) and 360 nm (ultraviolet), using exposure durations of 10, 20, and 30 seconds at a beam power density of 6 J/cm². Maximum total pigment concentrations in barley seedlings were observed following UV irradiation for 30 seconds and red light irradiation for 20 seconds. UV irradiation for 10 seconds and red light irradiation for 20 seconds showed a positive effect on the plant height of barley plants. Pre-sowing UV laser treatment of barley seeds resulted in increased plant mass by the 40th day. Plants grown from seeds irradiated with UV for 10 seconds exhibited significantly higher mass values in both the aerial part (26.8% increase compared to the control) and the root system (42.4% increase compared to the control). A statistically significant increase in nitrogen content was found in grains obtained from plants whose seeds were exposed to UV irradiation for 10 seconds, and in those exposed to red laser irradiation for 20 and 30 seconds. A statistically significant increase in phosphorus content was found in grains obtained from plants whose seeds were irradiated with a red laser for 20 seconds.

1. Nelyubina Zh.S., Kasatkina N.I. Influence of ultraviolet irradiation of perennial grasses seeds on their sowing quality. Agrarian Science. 2021;(352(9)):97-100. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-97-100

2. Kondrateva N.P., Storchevoy V.F., Bolshin R.G. Use of ultraviolet for pre-sowing seed treatment. Agricultural Engineering. 2024;26(5):59-65. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2024-5-59-65

3. Karimtayeva T., Orazbay A., Ishmuratova M.Y. Assessment of the biomass of grain seedlings after laser treatment. Aktualnye problemy sovremennosti. 2020;(4(30)):162-167. (In Russ.)

4. Levina N.S., Tertyshnaya Yu.V., Bidey I.A., Elizarova O.V. Ultraviolet radiation influence on the sowing qualities and vegetation of spring wheat and spring barley. APK Rossii. 2019;26(3):344-350. (In Russ.)

5. Krylov O.N., Kiselyov M.M., Reshetnikov A.E., Abasheva O.Yu. Pre-sowing optical treatment of seeds of grain crops on the example of winter rye “ Falenskaya 4”. Storage and Processing of Farm Products. 2023;(2):214-230. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36107/spfp.2023.439

6. Samiya M.S., Aftab S., Younus A. Effect of low power laser irradiation on bio-physical properties of wheat seeds. Information Processingin Agriculture. 2020;7(3):456-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.12.003

7. Tang Z., Yu J.; Xie J., Lyu J. et al. Physiological and growth response of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) seedlings to supplementary red/blue light revealed through transcriptomic analysis. Agronomy. 2019;9:139. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9030139

8. Hasan M., Hanafiah M.M., AeyadTaha Z., AlHilfy I.H. et al. Laser irradiation effects at different wavelengths on phenology and yield components of pretreated maize seed. Applied Sciences. 2020;10:1189. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031189

9. Rogozhin Yu.V., Rogozhin V.V. Technology of pre-seeding ultraviolet radiation exposure of wheat kernels. Vestnik Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2013;(6):9-14. (In Russ.)

10. Tertyshnaya Yu.V., Levina N.S., Elizarova O.V. Impact of ultraviolet radiation on germination and growth processes of wheat seeds. Agricultural machines and technologies. 2017;(2):31-36. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2017-2-31-36

11. Mahmood S., Afzal B., Perveen S., Wahid A. et al. He-Ne laser seed treatment improves the nutraceutical metabolic pool of sunflowers and provides better tolerance against water deficit. Front. Plant Sci. 2021;12:579429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.579429

12. Romero-Galindo R. Biophysical methods used to generate tolerance to drought stress in seeds and plants: a review. International Agrophysics. 2022;35(4):389-410. https://doi.org/10.31545/intagr/144951

13. Nizharadze T.S., Kirsanov R.G. The effect of pre-sowing seeds treatment on the water regime and resistance of hard spring wheat to septoriosis in the forest-steppes of Samara region. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2020;(3(83)):62-65. (In Russ.)

14. Klimek-Kopyra A., Dłużniewska J., Ślizowska A., Dobrowolski J.W. Impact of coherent laser irradiation on germination and mycoflora of soybean seeds-innovative and prospective seed quality management. Agriculture. 2020;10:314. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10080314

15. Podvigina O.A., Stognienko O.I., Stognienko E.S. Influence of laser irradiation on sowing qalities and infection level of sugar beet seeds. Agrarian science. 2019;(2):62-64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-326-2-62-64

16. Podvigina O.A., Putilina L.L., Lazutina N.A. Influence of laser radiation treatment of sugar beet seeds on productivity, technological quality and safety of beet roots. Storage and Processing of Farm Products. 2022;(3):26-39. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36107/spfp.2022.335

17. Smurov S.I., Naumkin V.N., Ermolaev S.N. Yield and quality of spring barley grain in dependence on various predecessors and backgrounds of mineral nutrition. Bulletin of Agrarian Science. 2020;(2(83)):36-44. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17238/issn2587-666X.2020.2.36

18. Dudin G.P., Zhilin N.A., Grebneva S.S. The stimulating effect of laser red light, far red light and sodium carbonate at the initial stages of barley ontogenesis. Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies. 2014;(4):122-128. (In Russ.)

19. Lisina T.N., Shcherbinina K.E., Dubasova Y.A., Bessonova L.V. Influence of laser treatment (637 nm) of barley seeds of the Rodnik Prikamya variety on germination and content of photosynthetic pigments. Perm Agrarian Journal. 2024;(3(47)):29-36. (In Russ.) https://doi.10.47737/2307-2873_2024_47_29

20. Zaitseva I.Yu., Panikhina L.V., Schennikova I.N., Zhilin N.A. Breeding value of mutant forms of spring barley in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. Izvestia of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. 2024;1(3):49-62. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26897/0021-342X-2024-3-49-62

21. Karimtay T., Ishmuratova M.Yu., Tleukenova S.U., Auelbekova A.K. The effect of laser treatment on seed germination and morphology of barley seedlings. Aktualnye problemy sovremennosti. 2018;(19):203-208. (In Russ.) 22. Rustambekova A., Safaralikhonov A.B., Aknazarov O.A. The Influence

22. of the presowing treatment of barley seeds by UV-radiation and low temperatureon its growth and productivity. Izvestiya akademii nauk Respubliki Tadzhikistan. Otdelenie biologicheskikh i meditsinskikh nauk. 2019;(3(206)):27-32. (In Russ.)

23. Romero-Galindo R., Hernández-Aguilar C., Dominguez-Pacheco A., Godina-Nava J.J. et al. Biophysical methods used to generate tolerance to drought stress in seeds and plants: a review. Int. Agrophys. 2021;35:389-410 https://doi.org/10.31545/intagr/144951

24. Kondratieva N.P., Romanov V.Yu., Chefranova M.N., Nureyeva T.V. et al. Prospects of use of electrotecchnology for increase of sowing qualities of seeds of UF-radiation. Izvestiya Mezhdunarodnoy akademii agrarnogo obrazovaniya. 2015;(24):10-13. (In Russ.)

25. Dudin G.P., Lysikov V.N. Induced mutagenesis and its use in plant breeding: a monograph. Kirov, Russia: Vyatka SATU, 2009:207. (In Russ.)

26. Burdysheva O.V., Sholgin E.S., Ilyushin S.A., Remennikova M.V. et al. Development of a model of an optical installation for complex action of processing agricultural seeds. Foton-ekspress. 2023;(6):31-32. (In Russ.) https://doi.10.24412/2308-6920-2023-6-31-32

27. Wintermans J.E.G., De Mots A. Spectrophotometric Characteristics of Chlorophyll a and b and Their Phaeophytins in Ethanol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Biophysics including Photosynthesis. 1965;109:448-453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-6585(65)90170-6

28. Mineev V.G., Sychev V.G. Amelyanchik O.A., Bolysheva T.N. et al. Practical training in agrochemistry: a study guide. Moscow, Russia: Moscow State University, 2001:689. (In Russ.)