Effect of the genotype of bull calves on the consumption and use of nutrients in the diet

In beef cattle breeding, it is necessary to identify and widely use animals characterized by high rates of nutrient utilization in the diet for the synthesis of meat products. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of digestion of nutrients in the diet of purebred bull calves of the breeds Simmental (group I) and Limousine (group II) and their crossbreeds of the first (½ Simmental × ½ Limousine – group III), the second (¼ Simmental × ¾ Limousine – group IV) and the third (1/8 Simmental × 7/8 Limousine – V group) generations. It was found that due to the heterosis effect, crossbred bull calves of the first generation of group III outperformed their counterparts of other experimental groups in dry matter intake by 67.8 to 255.3 g (0.86 to 3.31%), organic matter – by 61.3 to 230.8 g (0.84 to 3.24%), crude protein – by 10.5 to 78.1 g (0.99 to 7.85%), crude fat – by 1.7 to 6.4 g (0.90 to 3.50%), crude fiber – by 21.5 to 81.4 g (1.20 to 4.70%), BEV – by 27.6 to 354.8 g (0.65 to 9.04%). The purebred Simmental bull calves of group I differed in the minimum consumption of all types of nutrients. Similar intergroup differences were observed in the digestibility of feed nutrients. The crossbred bull calves of group III outperformed the bull calves of the other experimental groups by weight of digested dry matter by 119.8 to 390.3 g (2.37 to 8.15%), organic matter – 130.6 to 396.6 g (2.87 to 8.71%), crude protein – by 22.5 to 98.3 g (3.24 to 15.90%), crude fat – by 2.7 to 9.2 g (2.11 to 7.58%), crude fiber – by 67.9 to 162.1 g (7.28 to 19.33%), BEV – by 37.5 to 417.0 g (1.26 to 15.54%). The highest coefficients of digestibility of nutrients were characterized by crossbred bull calves of groups III and IV. They better digested dry matter by 2.91 to 1.73%, organic – by 3.38 to 1.96%, crude protein – by 4.63 to 2.29%, crude fat – by 2.62 to 0.56%, crude fiber – by 6.76 to 1.87%, BEV – by 4.08 to 2.72% than peers of groups I, II and V.

1. Bissembaev A.T., Kasenov Z.M., Batanov S.D., Zhali S.T. et al. Age dynamics of the live weight of the Kazakh white-headed breed of beef cattle. Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (TAA). 2023;(1):81–88. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26897/0021-342X‑2023-1-81-88

2. Kayumov F.G., Tretyakova R.F. Performance and selectiongenetic parameters of beef cattle of different genotypes. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnono universiteta. 2020;5(85):208–210. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37670/2073-0853-2020-85-5-208-210

3. Kosilov V.I., Yuldashbaev Yu.A. The black-and-white breed young growth muscle tissue nutritional value and its crossbreed with Holsteins. Bulletin of KSAU. 2022;4:104–110. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2022-4-104-110

4. Prystupa V.N., Krotova O.E., Dudchenko S.N., Klimenko D.V. et al. Indicators of meat productivity of dairy and meat breeds. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnono universiteta. 2023; 4 (102): 255–260. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10/37670/2073-0853-2023-102-4-255-260

5. Subkhankulov N.R. Sedykh T.A., Gizatullin R.S., Yumaguzin I.F., Kosilov V.I. Meat productivity of young animals of different genotypes of purebred beef cattle of the limousin breed bred in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Achievements of Science and Technology in Agro-Industrial Complex. 2023;37(2):45–50. (In Rus.) https://doi.org/10/53859/02352451-2023-37-2-45

6. Yuldyshbaev Yu.A., Kosilov V.I., Kubatbekov T.S., Sedykh T.A., Kalyakina R.G., Savchuk S.V. Nutritional value of meat products of young stock of black-and-white breed and its crosses with Holstein. Agrarian Science. 2021;(7–8):37–40. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-351-7-8-37-40

7. Kubatbekov T.S. et al. The genotypic peculiarities of the consumption and the use of nutrients and energy from the fodder by the purebred and crossbred heifers // Journal of Biochemical Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 11, № 4. – Pр. 36–41.

8. Trukhachev V.I., Moroz V.A., Chernobai E.N., Ismailov I.S. Meat and Interior Features Rams of Different Genotypes // Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. – 2016. – Vol. 7, no. 1. – P. 1626–1630.

9. Trukhachev V.I., Sklyarov I.Y., Sklyarova J.M., Latysheva L.A., Lapina H.N. Contemporary state of resource potential of agriculture in South Russia // International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues. – 2016. – Vol. 6, no. S5. – P. 33–41.

10. Tyulebaev S.D. et al. The state of polymorphism of genes affecting the meat quality in micropopulations of meat simmentals // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: International Conference on World Technological Trends in Agribusiness. – 2021. – P. 012045.

11. Zhaimysheva S.S. et al. Genetic and physiological aspects of bulls of dual-purpose and beef breends and their crossbreeds // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. – 2020. – T. 421. – P. 22028.