Comparative evaluation of winter hardiness of blackberries when covered for winter and treated with the natural organomineral phytomodulator “Beliy Zhemchug Antifreeze”

The article presents data on the feasibility of using the natural organomineral phytomodulator “Beliy Zhemchug Antifreeze” (NOP BZh Antifreeze) to increase the resistance of a lowwinter-hardy blackberry crop to low freezing temperatures. The objects of the study were erect and semi-erect varieties of blackberries – “Ouachita”, “Chester”, “Black Magic”, “Black Gem”, “Loch Tay”. The experiment was carried out in the Moscow region, Dmitrovsky district, in a private berry nursery. The seedlings were grown in 10-litre containers for two years. There were three variants in the experiment: 1) spunbond with a density of 90 g / m2 was used as a winter shelter together with the application of the phytomodulator NOC BZh Antifreeze for protection against low-temperature stress; 2) treatment of plants with NOP BZh Antifreeze without winter shelter; 3) control plants were without shelter and without treatment. Comparing the samples using the Mann-Whitney test confirmed the hypothesis of reliable differences between the experimental variants. With the complex application of protective measures (treatment with the phytomodulator and shelter), the erect varieties “Black Magic” and “Black Gem” proved to be the most resistant to freezing temperatures, their shoots were not damaged (0 points.). The least resistant semi-erect variety was “Ouachita”, in the control variant (without shelter and without treatment with phytomodulator), significant shoot damage was observed (3 points.), while with complex protective measures winter damage was 1 point. The data obtained made it possible to recommend the use in nurseries of a combination of protective measures (treatment with the phytomodulator and shelter) against low-temperature stress – sheltering blackberry shoots with spunbond with the use of NOP BZh Antifreeze. 

1. Gruner L., Kornilov B. Multiple flowering of blackberry and its role in the formation of this crop harvest in the conditions of Central Russia // BIO Web Conf., 39 (2021) 01002 DOI: https://doi.org /10.1051/bioconf/20213901002

2. J. R. Clark, C. E. Finn, Global Science Books (Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology) 5, 27–43 (2011)

3. Blackberry market. European trends. https://propozitsiya.com/rynok-ezheviki-evropeyskie-tendencii [Electronic resource], accessed 15.02.2022

4. Mitchell E. Armour, Margaret Worthington, and John R. Clark. Effect of Harvest Time and FruitFirmness on Red Drupelet Reversionin Blackberry. HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science 56(8):1-8, 2021 DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI15853-21

5. What is the future of the berry market behind? https://www.agroxxi.ru/zhurnal-agromir-xxi/novosti/za-chem-stoit-buduschee-jagodnogo-rynka.html [Electronic resource], accessed 24.06.2022

6. Ladyzhenskaya O.V., Aniskina T.S., Kryuchkova V.A. Analysis of the influence of varietal characteristics of blackberries on quantitative traits in connection with further breeding in Russia. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 979(1):012021, February 2022. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/979/1/012021

7. Evdokimenko, S.N., Sazonov, F.F., Danilova, A.A. et al. Resistance of Raspberry Cultivars to Temperature Stress Factors during the Winter Period. Russ. Agricult. sci. 45, 529–533 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367419060077

8. Marchenko, L.A. and Pshikhacheva, Z.U., Breeding of strawberries for productivity and winter hardiness in the Non-Chernozem zone, Plodovod. Yagodovod. Ross., 2011, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 60–70.

9. Tyurina, M.M., et al., Determination of Resistance in Fruit and Berry Crops to Cold Season Stressors in Field and Controlled Conditions, Moscow, 2002

10. Gruner L.A., Knyazev S.D., Kuleshova O.V. The use of winter shelter and TUR retardant in the cultivation of blackberries in the conditions of the Central Chernobyl Region. Recommendations. Eagle: VNIISPK, 2018. - 24 p.

11. Gruner L.A. Improvement of blackberry adaptability and productivity with the help of organic and mineral complexes of "AgroPlus" СompanyGroups. Conference: International Scientific and Practical Conference "Innovative technologies in agriculture". 23-24 MAR 2022).

12. NCGR-Corvallis Rubus Catalog [elektronnyi resources]. – Regim dostupa: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/20721500/catalogs/rubcultivars.html. [Electronic resource], accessed 24.06.2022

13. Sedov E.N., Ogoltsova T.P. Program and methodology for the study of fruit, berry and nut crops. (Under the general editorship of Academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences E.N. Sedov and Doctor of Agricultural Sciences T.P. Ogoltsova.) - Orel: Publishing house of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding, 1999. - P. 608.

14. Gruner, L.A. Features of the growth of blackberry shoots / L.A. Gruner // Nauch.-teh. bul. VIR. - 1986. - Issue 165. – pp. 56-58

15. Telepenko Yu.Yu. Frost resistance of the Ozhin variety (Rubus Subg. Eubatus Focke) in the minds of Zahidny Lysostepu of Ukraine. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection.2018;14(1). pp. 124-131. DOI:/10.21498/2518-1017.14.1.2018.126521.https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.14.1.2018.126521

16. Yakimov V.V. Blackberry in Russia [Text] / V. V. Yakimov. - Chelyabinsk: Scientific production. ob-nie "Garden and Garden": Chelyabinsk Printing House, 2010. - 312 p.

17. Chaves M., Maroco J., Pereirs J. Understanding to Drought – from Genes to the Whole Plant/ M. Chaves, J. Maroco, J. Pereirs // Plant Biol. - 2003. - V.30. – P.239-264.

18. Semenova L.G. Features of the productivity of black and red currants in the conditions of Adygea / L.G. Semenova, N.R. Brzecev. - Maikop, 2003. - 144p.