Evaluation of the quality of above-ground biomass of sudan grass for breeding in the conditions of the Lower Volga region

Sudanese grass is an important fodder crop for microzones of Russia with insufficient moisture. Currently, the demand for green mass of Sudanese grass is increasing, as high yields and unique drought resistance contribute to the active development of animal husbandry in these regions. The creation of varieties and hybrids adapted to the arid regions of the Russian Federation for fodder use with high productivity and quality of above-ground biomass meets the needs of the industry. In the breeding process, for this purpose, it is necessary to expand the genetic diversity of new forms involved as donors of valuable traits. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the yield, fodder and energy value of the above-ground biomass of 118 varieties and breeding lines of Sudanese grass. According to the results of the study, it was found that the varieties L-106, L-45, L-176/14, L-79/14, Ambitsiya, Kulundinskaya and Sputnitsa statistically significantly exceeded the standard variety Spartanka by an average of 47.2%. According to the protein content in the aboveground biomass, the breeding line MEV-728 (11,19%) and the Mechta Povolzh’ya variety (9,16%) were distinguished; according to the fiber content – varieties: Aleksandrina (36.48%), Tashebinskaya (38,72%), Kulunda (38,41%), and Fortuna (36,52%); according to the fat content – the breeding line L-106 (5.00%); according to the ash content – the breeding line MEB-728 (9,21%) and the Mechta Povolzh’ya variety (8.21%); according to the content of nitrogen-free extractives – the breeding line L-45 (58.55%); according to the content of carotenoids variety samples L-92/14, L-92/14, L-45, MEV-728, Evgeniya, Mechta Povolzh’ya. The most productive biomass varieties Ambitsiya, Allegory, Evgeniya, Kulundinskaya, Sputnitsa, Aleksandrina, as well as breeding lines L-33–1/17, L-176/14, L-106, L-45, L-79/14, formed a high yield of gross energy of crops of Sudanese grass of the 1st cutting. Variety samples MEV-728 and Mechta Povolzh’ya statistically significantly exceeded the standard variety in terms of aboveground biomass yield in the second cut by 46.4% and 39.1%, respectively.

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