Variability analysis of morphological characteristics of sping wheat in the field conditions of the Central region of Non-chernozem zone of Russia for identification of example varieties to be used in DUS testing

This article presents the results of the three-year data analysis of DUS testing of the spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) collection by morphological varietal characteristics. The following cultivars were identified as candidates for example varieties: Ivolga, Iren’, Lisa, Talba, Chelyaba rannaya, Bazhenka, Grechanka, Dal’gau 3, KWS Shirokko, Silantiy, Start 1, KWS Torridon. These varieties reflect all the gradations of found characteristics. Among them, varieties with unique states of expression of characteristics were identified: Iren’ (strong anthocyanin coloration of the flag leaf auricles), Talba (very strong anthocyanin coloration of the flag leaf auricles), KWS Shirokko (weak glaucosity on the flag leaf sheath, very weak glaucosity on the flag leaf back), Dal’gau 3 (very weak glaucosity on the ear). No varieties were found with the following states of expression of characteristics: bush type – semi prostrate (7), prostrate (9); anthocyanin coloration of the flag leaf auricles is medium (5); glaucosity on the flag leaf sheath is absent or very weak (1); glaucosity of the neck is absent or very weak (1), weak (3).

1. Russian Federation Government Resolution No. 1577 dated December 18, 1997 “On the Accession of the Russian Federation to the International Convention for the Protection of New Plant Varieties”. (In Russ.) URL: http://newscity.info/akty/acting-05/tekst-zi-trud-pravo.htm (accessed: November 31, 2024)

2. UPOV activities. UPOV International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. UPOV publication No. 437(R) dated December 12, 2008. (In Russ.) URL: https://gossortrf.ru/deyatelnost-upov/ (accessed: November 31, 2024)

3. Civil Code of the Russian Federation No. 230-FZ dated December 18, 2006. (In Russ.) URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64629/ (accessed: November 31, 2024)

4. Berezkin A.N., Malko A.M., Cherednichenko M.Yu. International experience of development of selection and seed production of agricultural crops: a training manual. Moscow, Russia: Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 2012:447. (In Russ.)

5. Methodology of DUS testing. Soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori et Paol.). RTG/0003/2 No. 12-06/14 dated October 27, 2004, approved by FGU “Gossortkomissiya”. (In Russ.)

6. Fando V.V., Zhiburtovich L.I., Afelder L.I. Methodology for DUS testing of plant varieties. Minsk, Belarus: IVTs Minfin, 2004:274. (In Russ.)

7. Vasilyuk P.N. Formation of collections of winter soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties with standard characteristics in DUS testing. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2013;(3):4-7. (In Ukr.)

8. Guidelines for DUS testing the grain group plants. (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori et Paol.). Approved by S. Melnik, Director of UIEPV, 2016:52-70. (In Russ.)

9. Vasilyuk P.N., Griniv S.N., Karazhbey G.N., Ulych L.I. et al. Scientific substantiation of the stability of manifestation of morphological characteristics of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in DUS testing. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2012;(1):36-39. (In Ukr.)

10. Karazhbei G.N., Gryniv S.N., Bezruchko O.I., Kaminska L.V. Researching morphological characters of rye (Secale cereale L.) and sorghum bicolor (Sorghum bicolor L.). Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2013;(1):69-73. (In Ukr.)

11. Abugalieva A.I., Skokbaev S.O., Dracheva L.M. et al. Distinctiveness, uniformity and stability of barley varieties according to morphological and molecular markers according to UPOV. Biotekhnologiya. Teoriya i praktika. 2005;1:26-39. (In Russ.)

12. Dolgikh L.A., Abugalieva A.I. Rapeseed and its identification according to UPOV. Oil Crops. 2009;(1(140)):127-133. (In Russ.)

13. Borodiy S.A., Vinogradova V.S., Makarov S.S. Simulation-dynamic model forecasting the productivity of spring wheat variety Lyubava with adjustment for the efficiency ofthe humic complex “EcobiosphereB”. AgrarianBulletin oftheNon-Chernozem Zone. 2024;2:6-20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52025/2712-8679_2024_02_6

14. Vinogradova V.S., Borodiy S.A., Makarov S.S. Growth Model for forecasting the productivity of spring wheat variety Lyubava against the background of pre-sowing seed treatment with the preparation “Ecobiosphere B”. AgroEcoInfo. 2024;2:17. (In Russ.) https://agroecoinfo.ru/STATYI/2024/2/st_207.pdf

15. Zadoks J.C., Chang T.T., Konzak C.F. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research. 1974;14:415-421.

16. Maslennikov P.V., Chupakhina G.N. Effect of light of different intensity on the biosynthesis of anthocyanins. New and unconventional plants and prospectsfortheir use: Proceedings of the IV international symposium. Pushchino, Russia: 2001:522-524. (In Russ.)

17. Maslennikov P.V., Chupakhina G.N. Effect of light of different intensity on the biosynthesis of anthocyanins. IV Mezhdunarodniy simpozium ‘Novye i netraditsionnye rasteniya i perspektivy ikh ispolzovaniya’. June 20-24, 2021. Moscow, Russia: Peoples Friendship University of Russia, 2001:522-524. (In Russ.)

18. Goncharov N.P. Comparative genetics of wheat and its relatives: a monograph. Novosibirsk, Russia: Geo, 2012:523 (In Russ.).