Approaches to improving the efficiency of horticultural enterprises in the Republic of Dagestan

The article is devoted to the urgent regional problem of improving the efficiency of horticultural enterprises in the Republic of Dagestan. It is noted that the significant decrease in the contribution of this category of commodity producers to the production of fruit products, the lack of innovation and investment activity limit the development not only of the horticultural sub-branch, but 213 also of the entire agro-food sector of the Republic. The aim of the research is to develop proposals to strengthen the position of horticultural enterprises in the national production of fruit products and to improve the efficiency of their activities. The methodology of the work is based on the use of regional statistical information, as well as on studies of domestic scientists and economists in the field of horticultural enterprises and development of various forms of management. Production and economic activity of horticultural enterprises located in three natural-climatic zones of the Republic is analyzed. The analysis period is 2017–2022. Conclusions are drawn on the necessity of differentiated placement of perennial orchard plantings on the territory of the Republic, deepening of specialization of each natural-climatic zone, application of increasing coefficients of state support, provided that perennial orchard plantings are planted at an altitude higher than 500 m above sea level. It has been shown that the small size of perennial plantings does not allow horticultural enterprises to achieve high production volumes, even if intensive cultivation techniques are used. It is recommended to the regional authorities to implement legal and organizational measures for the expansion of areas through cooperation between horticultural enterprises and small private subsidiary farms of the population. It is proposed to create a passport and an electronic database of horticultural land in the Republic. An investment plan for the development of horticulture in the Republic until 2035 has been developed. The projected increase in the volume of fruit production will contribute to the increase in the financial indicators from the sale of products, increase in the economic efficiency of horticultural enterprises. The forecast calculation of the required volume of financial investments for capital and current expenditures in case of increasing the area of perennial plantings is presented. The main source of financing is the regional budget. Calculations have shown that the payback period of the project will be eight years with a rate of return of 30%. The materials obtained in the process of this study will allow to make certain adjustments in the prospects of industrial location, to become the basis for the development of strategy and comprehensive programs of regional development of horticulture and rural areas.

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