izvestiiatimacadИзвестия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академииIZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY0021-342XФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева10.26897/0021-342X-2025-2-136-150izvestiiatimacad-891Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ, БИОЛОГИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРНАЯ МЕДИЦИНАLIVESTOCK BREEDING, BIOLOGY AND VETERINARY MEDICINEОценка уровня нитрита и трансферрина в крови коров с субклиническим маститом методом электронного парамагнитного резонансаAssessment of nitrite and transferrin levels in the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis by the electron paramagnetic resonance methodhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0004-3639ФедотовС. В.FedotovS. V.

Сергей Васильевич Федотов, д-р ветеринар. наук, заведующий кафедрой ветеринарной медицины

127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Sergey V. Fedotov, DSc (Vet), Head of the Department of Veterinary Medicine

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550

s.fedotov@rgaumcxa.ruСереженковВ. А.SerezhenkovV. A.

Владимир Анатольевич Сереженков, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории физической химии биополимеров

119334, г. Москва, ул. Косыгина, 4

Vladimir A. Serezhenkov, CSc (Bio), Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Biopolymers

4 Kosygina St., Moscow, 119334

serezhenkov@polymer.chph.ras.ruСидневН. Ю.SidnevN. Yu.

Никита Юрьевич Сиднев, ассистент кафедры ветеринарной медицины

127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Nikita Yu. Sidnev, Assistant at the Department ofVeterinary Medicine

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550

sidnev.nick2014@gmail.comТкачевН. А.TkachevN. A.

Николай Анатольевич Ткачев, канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории физической химии биополимеров

119334, г. Москва, ул. Косыгина, 4

Nikolay A. Tkachev, CSc (Bio), Research Associate at the Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Biopolymers

4 Kosygina St., Moscow, 119334

serezhenkov@polymer.chph.ras.ruБелозерцеваН. С.BelozertsevaN. S.

Наталья Сергеевна Белозерцева, канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры ветеринарной медицины

127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Natalya S. Belozertseva, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor at the Department of Veterinary Medicine

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550

nsfetisova@mail.ruРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian FederationИнститут химической физики имени Н.Н. Семенова РАНРоссияN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20251505202502136150Copyright © Федотов С.В., Сереженков В.А., Сиднев Н.Ю., Ткачев Н.А., Белозерцева Н.С., 20252025Федотов С.В., Сереженков В.А., Сиднев Н.Ю., Ткачев Н.А., Белозерцева Н.С.Fedotov S.V., Serezhenkov V.A., Sidnev N.Y., Tkachev N.A., Belozertseva N.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/891

Большая проблема в оказании ветеринарной помощи заключается в недостаточно своевременной и количественной диагностике субклинических маститов у высокопродуктивных коров. В настоящее время основным показателем для диагностики патологии вымени является анализ молока на содержание лейкоцитов, то есть нейтрофилов, макрофагов, лимфоцитов, и эпителиальных клеток. Воспаление в молочной железе напрямую связано с синтезом оксида азота, и парамагнитный комплекс NO с гемоглобином имеет характерные спектроскопические параметры сверхтонкого расщепления. Величина (NO)x в молоке коров с субклиническим маститом существенно отличалась от таковой в молоке здоровых коров. Были проведены исследования уровня оксида азота NO по стабильному продукту окисления нитриту и трансферрина в крови коров с субклиническим маститом с помощью метода электронного парамагнитного резонанса. Обнаружено по ЭПР-сигналу трансферрина с g = 4,3, что в крови контрольной группы содержится больше трансферрина и, соответственно, железа, а в крови контрольной группы – значительно меньше. Следовательно, изменения в концентрации нитрита и трансферрина наряду с Fe и ферритином в крови могут служить в качестве биомаркеров воспалительных заболеваний, в том числе у коров с субклиническим маститом.

A major problem in veterinary medicine is the lack of timely and quantitative diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in highly productive cows. Currently, the main indicator for diagnosis of udder pathology is milk analysis for leukocytes (i.e., neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes) and epithelial cells. Inflammation in the mammary gland is directly related to nitric oxide synthesis and the paramagnetic NO complex with hemoglobin has characteristic spectroscopic parameters of hyperfine cleavage. The level of (NO)x in the milk of cows with subclinical mastitis differed significantly from that of healthy cows. The electron paramagnetic resonance method was used to study the level of nitric oxide NO by the stable oxidation product nitrite and transferrin in the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. From the EPR signal of transferrin with g = 4.3, it was found that the blood of the control group contains more transferrin, and consequently iron, and the blood of the control group contains significantly less. Therefore, changes in nitrite and transferrin concentrations, along with blood Fe and ferritin, may serve as biomarkers of inflammatory diseases, including in cows with subclinical mastitis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.