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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2025-1-64-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БОТАНИКА, ПЛОДОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BOTANY, POMICULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности развития сортов Hyacinthus orientalis при выгонке  и в открытом грунте Центрального Нечерноземья</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of development of Hyacinthus orientalis cultivars in forcing and in open ground of the Central Non-Chernozem region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-6271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокопудова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokopudova</surname><given-names>O. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Анатольевна Сорокопудова, доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий отделом растительных ресурсов</p><p>117216, г. Москва, ул. Грина, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Sorokopudova, DSc (Bio), Professor, Head of the Department of Plant Resources</p><p>7 Grina st., Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">osorokopudova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5857-5736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханумиди</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Ильинична Ханумиди, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела растительных ресурсов</p><p>117216, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Грина, 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hanymidiliza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокопудова О.А., Ханумиди Е.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокопудова О.А., Ханумиди Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokopudova O.А., Ханумиди Е.И.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/854">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/854</self-uri><abstract><p>Луковичные весеннецветущие ароматные растения вида гиацинт восточный (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) весьма популярны и востребованы на рынке, используются в мире для горшечной и садовой культуры, срезки, в парфюмерии и обладают противоопухолевой и иммуномодулирующей активностью. Несмотря на невысокую зимостойкость, сорта H. orientalis культивируют в открытом грунте и в регионах с умеренно-континентальным климатом. В различных почвенно-климатических условиях сроки цветения, параметры надземной части генеративных побегов и луковиц H. orientalis значительно варьируют. Цель работы – установить сроки цветения, сравнительные морфологические параметры некоторых сортов H. orientalis при выгонке и в открытом грунте Центрального Нечерноземья. Выгонку сортов Blue Jacket, China Pink, Gipsy Princess, Pink Pearl и Rosette проводили в зимне-весенние сроки в лабораторных условиях у окна без досвечивания с последующей посадкой луковиц осенью в открытый грунт. Перед постановкой на выгонку и посадкой в открытый грунт использованы луковицы диаметром 4–5 см. В результате проведенных исследований выявлены сроки начала бутонизации и цветения, продолжительность цветения растений. Установлено, что в условиях открытого грунта продолжительность цветения ввиду более низких среднесуточных температур воздуха составляла 16–33 суток – в 2–3 раза больше, чем в условиях выгонки. В условиях полутени открытого грунта у всех изученных сортов H. orientalis высота растений превышала высоту растений при выгонке на 14–31% и составляла 29,7–37,2 см. Среднее число цветков в соцветиях генеративных побегов варьировало у сортов от 15,5 до 20,0 шт. при выгонке и от 7,8 до 9,3 шт. в открытом грунте. При выгонке для увеличения интенсивности роста растений и закладки наибольшего числа цветков в луковицах рекомендовано контролировать освещенность растений. По продолжительности цветения и способности к возобновлению и размножению луковиц нами выделены раннецветущие сорта China Pink и Pink Pearl как наиболее перспективные для открытого грунта в Центральном Нечерноземье.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bulbous spring-flowering aromatic plants of Hyacinthus orientalis L. are very popular and in demand on the market, used worldwide for pot and garden culture, cutting, in perfumery and have antitumor and immunomodulatory activity. Despite low winter hardiness, H. orientalis cultivars are cultivated in open ground and in regions with moderate continental climate. The time of flowering, parameters of the above-ground part of generative shoots and bulbs of H. orientalis vary significantly in different soil and climatic conditions. The aim of this work was to establish the flowering dates and comparative morphological parameters of some cultivars of H. orientalis in forcing and in open ground of the Central Non-Chernozem region. The cultivars Blue Jacket, China Pink, Gipsy Princess, Pink Pearl and Rosette were forced in the winter-spring period under laboratory conditions near a window without additional lighting, and then the bulbs were planted in the open ground in the fall. The bulbs used in the experiments were 4–5 cm in diameter. As a result of the studies, the time of the beginning of budding and flowering, duration of flowering of the plants were determined. It was found that the duration of flowering in open ground due to lower average daily air temperature was 16–33 days. This is 2–3 times more than in forcing. The height of plants in all studied H. orientalis cultivars in the conditions of partial shade of open ground exceeded the height of plants in forcing by 14–31% and amounted to 29.7–37.2 cm. The average number of flowers in the inflorescences of the generative shoots in the cultivars varied from 15.5 to 20.0 pieces in forcing and from 7.8 to 9.3 pieces in open ground. In order to increase the intensity of plant growth in forcing and lay the largest number of flowers in the bulbs, it is recommended to control the illumination of plants. Based on the duration of flowering and the ability to renew and reproduce bulbs, we have identified the early flowering cultivars China Pink and Pink Pearl as the most promising for open ground in the Central Non-Chernozem region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Hyacinthus orientalis</kwd><kwd>сорта</kwd><kwd>выгонка</kwd><kwd>культивирование</kwd><kwd>фенология</kwd><kwd>генеративные побеги</kwd><kwd>цветоводство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hyacinthus orientalis</kwd><kwd>cultivars</kwd><kwd>forcing</kwd><kwd>cultivation</kwd><kwd>phenology</kwd><kwd>generative shoots</kwd><kwd>floriculture</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках темы НИР № FGUU-2025–0001 с использованием биообъектов Уникальной научной установки «Биоколлекции ФГБНУ ВИЛАР».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the research topic No. FGUU-2025–0001 using biological objects of the Unique Scientific Facility “Biocollections of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коровкин О.А., Черятова Ю.С. 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