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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2024-6-64-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние экзогенных фитогормонов на развитие семязачатков при гибридизации Solanum lycopersicum и Solanum sisymbriifolium</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect  of  exogenous phytohormones on the ovule development in the hybridization of Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum sisymbriifolium</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-1164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишнякова Анастасия Васильевна, канд. с.-х. наук, доцент кафедры ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya V. Vishnyakova, СSc (Ag), Associate Professor at the Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.vishnyakova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8481-6179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартиросян</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martirosyan</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартиросян Алина Заликоевна, студент 4 курса Института садоводства и ландшафтной архитектуры</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina Z. Martirosyan, 4th year student of the  Institute  of  Horticulture and Landscape Architecture</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina1martirosyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6867-0249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобяшова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobyashova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кобяшова Алена Дмитриевна, студент 4 курса Института садоводства и ландшафтной архитектуры</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena D. Kobyashova, 4th year student of the  Institute  of  Horticulture and Landscape Architecture</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alyoni.kobyashova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-8862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахос</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhos</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахос Сократ Григорьевич, д-р с.-х. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sokrat G. Monakhos, DSc (Ag), Professor, Head of the Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.monakhos@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишнякова А.В., Мартиросян А.З., Кобяшова А.Д., Монахос С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишнякова А.В., Мартиросян А.З., Кобяшова А.Д., Монахос С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnyakova A.V., Martirosyan A.Z., Kobyashova A.D., Monakhos S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/816">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/816</self-uri><abstract><p>Томат – культура, подверженная большому числу заболеваний, снижающих урожай и качество продукции, что предполагает усовершенствование генетического разнообразия и создание генетически устойчивого сортимента. Источниками устойчивости к заболеваниям и абиотическому стрессу становятся дикие виды томата и другие виды семейства Solanaceae. Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. является источником устойчивости к бактериальному вилту, вертицилезному увяданию, корневым нематодам и карминовым паутинным клещам, фитофторозу. Гибридизация томата и паслена гулявниколистного возможна, но сопряжена со сложностями преодоления презиготических и постзиготических барьеров нескрещиваемости. Данная работа посвящена изучению влияния экзогенных фитогормонов зеатина и абсцизовой кислоты на завязываемость плодов и количество развивающихся семязачатков при скрещиваниях Solanum lycopersicum×Solanum sisymbriifolium.</p><p>В гибридизации использовали 6 линий томата с функциональной мужской стерильностью и образец паслена гулявниколистного, предоставленные ООО «Селекционная станция имени Н.Н. Тимофеева». Обработку рыльца пестика кастрированных в стадии лимонно-желтого бутона линий томата проводили за 10 минут и 2 часа до опыления растворами зеатина и абсцизовой кислоты (АБК). </p><p>В результате исследований обнаружена генотип-специфичная реакция на обработку фитогормонами. У двух генотипов томата обработка зеатином в течение двух часов привела к увеличению завязываемости плодов в 2 раза, кратковременная обработка зеатином также положительно влияла на завязываемость плодов всех генотипов.  Обработка АБК имела разнонаправленное влияние на завязываемость плодов: снижение завязываемости плодов наблюдали у генотипа Роз.сон2-6, у генотипа st8 обработка АБК в течение 2 часов привела к отсутствию завязываемости плодов, а при обработке в течение 10 минут плоды завязывались из всех опыленных цветков. Влияние фитогормонов на среднее количество развивающихся семязачатков было существенно у крупноплодных томатов: обработка зеатином увеличивала количество развивающихся семязачатков, реакция на обработку АБК зависела от генотипа и времени обработки. У томатов черри обработка фитогормонами оказала существенный эффект на число развивающихся семязачатков только у генотипа st8, длительная обработка фитогормонами негативно влияла на количество развивающихся семязачатков, в то время как обработка в течение 10 минут зеатином позволила повысить среднее число развивающихся семязачатков в плоде в 3 раза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tomato crops are susceptible to a significant number of diseases that reduce both yield and product quality, requiring the improvement of genetic diversity and the creation of genetically resistant varieties. Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. is a source of resistance to bacterial wilt, verticillium wilt, root nematodes, carmine spider mites and late blight. The hybridization of tomato and sticky nightshade is feasible, but involves difficulties in overcoming prezygotic and postzygotic barriers to non-crossing. This study investigates the effect of exogenous phytohormones, specifically zeatin and abscisic acid, on fruit set and the number of developing ovules in crosses between Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum sisymbriifolium. Six tomato lines with functional male sterility and a sample of sticky nightshade (OOO Breeding Station named after Timofeyeva) were used in the hybridization process. The stigmas of tomato lines, which had been emasculated at the lemon-yellow bud stage, were treated with zeatin and abscisic acid (ABA) solutions for ten minutes and for two hours before pollination. The studies showed that the phytohormone treatment induced a genotype-specific response. Application of zeatin for two hours doubled fruit set in two of the tomato genotypes. In addition, short-term treatment with zeatin had a positive effect on fruit set in all genotypes. The application of ABA had a multidirectional effect on fruit set. A significant decrease in fruit set was observed in the Roz.son2–6 genotype. In contrast, in the st8 genotype, two hours of ABA treatment resulted in no fruit set, whereas ten minutes of exposure facilitated successful fruit set from all pollinated flowers. The effect of phytohormones on the mean number of developing ovules was remarkable in large-fruited tomatoes. Zeatin treatment increased the number of developing ovules, while the response to ABA treatment depended on genotype and time of treatment. In cherry tomato, phytohormone application had a statistically significant effect on the number of developing ovules only in the st8 genotype. However, prolonged phytohormone treatment decreased the number of developing ovules. Conversely, a brief 10-minute zeatin treatment showed a threefold increase in the average number of developing ovules in the fruit.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>томат</kwd><kwd>паслен гулявниковолистный</kwd><kwd>отдаленная гибридизация</kwd><kwd>фитогормоны</kwd><kwd>зеатин</kwd><kwd>абсцизовая кислота</kwd><kwd>завязываемость плодов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tomato</kwd><kwd>sticky nightshade</kwd><kwd>distant hybridization</kwd><kwd>phytohormones</kwd><kwd>zeatin</kwd><kwd>abscisic acid</kwd><kwd>fruit set</kwd><kwd>ovule development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств тематического плана-задания на выполнение научно-исследовательских работ по заказу Минсельхоза России за счет средств федерального бюджета в 2024 году</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Даминова Д.М., Рахманкулов С., Семенихина Л.В. 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