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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2025-1-124-136</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-796</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY, CROP PRODUCTION, PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение устойчивости побегов винограда к низким температурам при обработке абсцизовой кислотой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of resistance of grape shoots to low temperatures when treated with abscisic acid</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Константиновна Киселёва, кандидат биологических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina K. Kiseleva, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Senior Research Associate</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina-kiseleva-1960@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якуба</surname><given-names>Ю. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakuba</surname><given-names>Yu. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Федорович Якуба, доктор химических наук, доцент, заведующий информационно-аналитической лабораторией</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy F. Yakuba, DSc (Chem), Associate Professor, Head of Information and Analytical Laboratory</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ckp346166@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Семёнович Петров, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy S. Petrov, DSc (Ag), Associate Professor, Leading Research Associate</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Petrov_53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Анатольевна Ильина, доктор технических наук, профессор, заместитель директора по науке</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Ilyina, DSc (Tech), Professor, Deputy Chief for Science</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kubansad@kubannet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Запорожец</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaporozhets</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Запорожец, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ученый секретарь</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Zaporozhets, CSc (Ag), Scientific Secretary</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat_zaporozhec@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохлова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhlova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Хохлова, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>350901, г. Краснодар, ул. им. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Khokhlova, CSc (Bio), Research Associate</p><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy st., Krasnodar, 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киселева Г.К., Якуба Ю.Ф., Петров В.С., Ильина И.А., Запорожец Н.М., Хохлова А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киселева Г.К., Якуба Ю.Ф., Петров В.С., Ильина И.А., Запорожец Н.М., Хохлова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiseleva G.K., Yakuba Y.F., Petrov V.S., Ilyina I.A., Zaporozhets N.M., Khokhlova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/796">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/796</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследования проводили на участках ампелографической коллекции Анапской зональной опытной станции виноградарства и виноделия, г. Анапа, в 2023–2024 гг. Цель исследований – изучить устойчивость побегов винограда сорта Дмитрий к низким отрицательным температурам зимнего периода при обработке абсцизовой кислотой (АБК) различной концентрации с добавлением сульфата магния. Растения обрабатывали в конце вегетации. Использовали 4 варианта обработки: 1) 50 мМ АБК + 42 мМ/л раствор сульфата магния; 2) 100 мМ АБК +42мМ/л раствор сульфата магния; 3) 200 мМ АБК + 42 мМ/л раствор сульфата магния; 4) контроль – обработка водопроводной водой. В январе, в период проявления максимальной устойчивости к низким температурам, обработанные побеги подвергали искусственному промораживанию в климатической камере СМ-30/100–120 при температурах: –15°C; –20°C; –25°C. Обработка АБК различной концентрации позволила увеличить жизнеспособность почек, но максимальный эффект получен при использовании концентрации АБК 200 мМ + 42 мМ/л раствор сульфата магния. При этой обработке процент жизнеспособных почек увеличился при воздействии температурой –15°C на 16,1%; при температуре –20°C – на 32,8%; при температуре –25°C – на 75,3%, в результате чего жизнеспособность почек увеличилась до 96,2–98,2%. Установлено, что обработка повышает содержание гликолей, выступающих в роли криопротекторов, а также снижает уязвимость клеточных мембран к повреждениям, стабилизирует их, снижая выход ионов калия и кальция. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о возможности использования АБК для осенней обработки винограда с целью повышения устойчивости к низким отрицательным температурам зимой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The studies were conducted on the plots of the ampelographic collection of the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking in 2023–2024. The aim of the research is to study the resistance of Dmitry grape shoots to low negative temperatures during the winter period when treated with abscisic acid (ABA) of various concentrations with the addition of magnesium sulfate. The plants were treated at the end of the growing season. Four treatment options were used: 1) 50 mM ABA + 42mM/l magnesium sulfate solution; 2) 100 mM ABA + 42mM/l magnesium sulfate solution; 3) 200 mM ABA + 42mM/l magnesium sulfate solution; 4) control – treatment with tap water. In January, during the period of maximum resistance to low temperatures, the treated shoots were artificially frozen in a CM-30/100–120 climate chamber at the temperatures of –15°C, –20°C, –25°C. Treatment with ABA at different concentrations increased the viability of the buds, but the maximum effect was obtained when using an ABA concentration of 200 mM + 42mM/l magnesium sulfate solution. This treatment increased the percentage of viable buds at –15°C by 16.1%; at –20°C by 32.8%; at –25°C by 75.3%, resulting in an increase in bud viability to 96.2–98.2%. It was found that the treatment increases the content of glycols, which act as cryoprotectors, and also reduces the vulnerability of cell membranes to damage, stabilizng them and reducing the release of potassium and calcium ions. The data obtained indicate the possibility of using ABA for autumn treatment of grapes to increase resistance to low negative temperatures in winter.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>виноград</kwd><kwd>абсцизовая кислота</kwd><kwd>морозостойкость</kwd><kwd>искусственное промораживание</kwd><kwd>гликоли</kwd><kwd>кальций</kwd><kwd>калий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grapes</kwd><kwd>abscisic acid</kwd><kwd>frost resistance</kwd><kwd>artificial freezing</kwd><kwd>glycols</kwd><kwd>calcium</kwd><kwd>potassium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова И.Б., Макаров С.С. Особенности клонального микроразмножения культурного винограда (Vitis vinifera L.) на этапах «введение в культуру» и «собственно микроразмножение» // Известия Оренбургского государственного аграрного университета. 2021. № 4 (90). 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