izvestiiatimacadИзвестия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академииIZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY0021-342XФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева10.26897/0021-342X-2024-5-68-85izvestiiatimacad-742Research ArticleЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙAGRONOMY, CROP PRODUCTION, PLANT PROTECTIONБактериальные агенты как основа биофунгицидов, эффективных против токсинопродуцирующих грибов рода Fusarium (обзор)Bacterial agents as the basis of biofungicides effective against toxin-producing fungi of the genus Fusarium (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4281-5278СидороваТ. М.SidorovaT. M.

Сидорова Татьяна Михайловна, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологической защиты растений

350039, Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, п/о 39

Tatyana M. Sidorova, CSc (Bio), Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Microbiological Plant Protection

post office 39, Krasnodar, 350039

0166505@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6139АллахвердянВ. В.AllahverdyanV. V.

Аллахвердян Валерия Вазгеновна, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологической защиты растений

350039, Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, п/о 39

Valeria V. Allahverdyan, postgraduate student,  Junior  Research  Associate at the Laboratory of Microbiological Plant Protection

post office 39, Krasnodar, 350039

lera_arm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-1995АсатуроваА. М.AsaturovaA. M.

Асатурова Анжела Михайловна, канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологической защиты растений

350039, Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, п/о 39

Angela M. Asaturova, CSc (Bio), Leading Research Associate at the Laboratory of Microbiological Plant Protection

post office 39, Krasnodar, 350039

biocontrol-vniibzr@yandex.ruФедеральный центр биологической защиты растенийFederal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection202414082024056885Copyright © Сидорова Т.М., Аллахвердян В.В., Асатурова А.М., 20242024Сидорова Т.М., Аллахвердян В.В., Асатурова А.М.Sidorova T.M., Allahverdyan V.V., Asaturova A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/742

 В обзоре представлена информация о биоконтрольном потенциале бактерий-антагонистов родов Bacillus, Pseudomonas и Streptomyces  токсинопродуцирующих грибов Fusarium. Вредоносность комплекса видов грибов рода Fusarium заключается в том, что он не только поражает зерно, снижая содержание и качество белка, его конечный вес, но  и вызывает загрязнение микотоксинами. Способность грибов рода Fusarium продуцировать микотоксины является важным фактором патогенности грибов. Представлена информация о механизмах токсичности дезоксиниваленола и  зеараленон. Бактерии родов  Pseudomonas,  Bacillus,  Streptomyces spp.  проявляют антагонистическую активность против грибов рода Fusarium. В агроэкосистемах наиболее обширные исследования бактериальных агентов контроля фитопатогенных грибов сосредоточены на антибиозе. Бактерии секретируют метаболиты липопептидной природы, феназиновые соединения, противогрибные метаболиты других структур, чтобы напрямую ингибировать F. graminearum.  Кроме того, полезные бактерии разрушают факторы вирулентности грибов, продуцируют летучие противогрибные соединения и вызывают системную устойчивость растений к фитопатогенным грибам.   Механизмы биологического контроля (антибиоз, конкуренция, гиперпаразитизм и индуцированная устойчивость) могут действовать одновременно, что приводит к контролю заболевания и, следовательно, к снижению загрязнения микотоксинами.   Эти знания способствуют целенаправленному выделению бактерий, идентифицированных как микробиологические агенты биоконтроля фитопатогенных грибов.   Понимание молекулярных и биохимических основ биоконтроля будет способствовать разработке более мощных продуцентов эффективных биопрепаратов, лучшему пониманию механизмов биоконтролирующей активности.

The review presents information on the biocontrol potential of antagonist bacteria of the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces against toxin-producing fungi Fusarium. The harmfulness of Fusarium fungi species complex is that it not only affects grain, reducing the content and quality of protein, its final weight, but also causes contamination with mycotoxins. The ability of fungi of the genus Fusarium to produce mycotoxins is an important factor in the pathogenicity of fungi. Information on the toxicity of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone for humans and animals is presented. Bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces spp. show antagonistic activity against fungi of the genus Fusarium. In agroecosystems, the most extensive research on bacterial agents for the control of phytopathogenic fungi has focused on antibiosis. The bacteria secrete lipopeptide antibiotics, phenazine derivatives, and other antifungal metabolites to directly inhibit F. graminearum. In addition, beneficial bacteria destroy fungal virulence factors, produce volatile antifungal compounds, and induce systemic plant resistance to phytopathogenic fungi. Biological control mechanisms (antibiosis, competition, hyperparasitism and induced resistance) can act simultaneously, resulting in disease control and therefore reduced mycotoxin contamination. This knowledge facilitates the targeted isolation of bacteria identified as microbiological agents for the biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi. Understanding the molecular and biochemical basis of biocontrol will facilitate the development of more potent producers of effective biocontrol agents and a better understanding of the mechanisms of biocontrol activity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.