<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2024-5-101-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-740</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ, БИОЛОГИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LIVESTOCK BREEDING, BIOLOGY AND VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-лабораторные проявления и ультразвуковая диагностика пиометры у собак</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and laboratory manifestations and ultrasound diagnostics of pyometra in dogs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салагаева</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salagaeva</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салагаева Елизавета Кирилловна, аспирант, ассистент кафедры ветеринарной  медицины</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta K. Salagaeva, post-graduate student, Assistant at the Department of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.salagaeva@rgaumcxa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дюльгер</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyulger</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дюльгер Георгий Петрович, д-р ветеринар. наук, профессор кафедры ветеринарной медицины</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgiy P. Dyulger, DSc (Vet), Professor at the Department of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dulger@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акчурин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akchurin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акчурин Сергей Владимирович, д-р ветеринар. наук, профессор кафедры ветеринарной медицины</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Akchurin, DSc (Vet), Professor at the Department of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sakchurin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акчурина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akchurina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акчурина Ирина Владимировна, канд. ветеринар. наук, доцент кафедры ветеринарной медицины </p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Akchurina, CSc (Vet), Associate Professor at the Department of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akchurinaiv@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салагаева Е.К., Дюльгер Г.П., Акчурин С.В., Акчурина И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салагаева Е.К., Дюльгер Г.П., Акчурин С.В., Акчурина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salagaeva E.K., Dyulger G.P., Akchurin S.V., Akchurina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/740">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/740</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена исследованию основных клинических, лабораторных и эхографических проявлений пиометры у собак и оценке их значимости в диагностике открытой и закрытой форм заболевания. Установлено, что открытая клиническая форма пиометры встречается значительно чаще (77,78% против 22,22%), чем закрытая. Патологические выделения из половой щели служат кардинальным симптомом открытой формы пиометры, позволяющим четко ее отдифференцировать от закрытой. Общими системными клиническими и лабораторными проявлениями открытой и закрытой форм пиометры являются плохой аппетит, вялость, полиурия/полидипсия, гипертермия, гипотермия, нейтрофильный   лейкоцитоз и моноцитоз.  При закрытой форме пиометры значительно чаще регистрируется лейкопения, нейтропения и лимфоцитопения. Комплексное УЗИ (в B- и D-режимах) – широкодоступный и высокоинформативный метод диагностики пиометры у сук. Ультразвуковые исследования в B-режиме обеспечивают возможность визуально определить наличие воспалительных альтераций в матке (так, возможно определить дилатацию просвета рогов матки гипоэхогенным содержимым (гной), увеличение толщины стенок матки и/или наличие различного размера образований в эндометрии по типу кист). Исследование же в D-режиме позволяет по параметрам кровотока матки судить о природе и активности патологического процесса. Нарушения в гемодинамике матки при закрытой форме пиометре, как правило, более выражены, чем при открытой клинической форме болезни.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research work is devoted to studying the main clinical, laboratory and echographic manifestations of pyometra in dogs and assessing their significance in the diagnostics of open and closed forms of the disease. It was found that the open clinical form of pyometra is much more common (77.78% vs. 22.22%) than the closed one. Pathological discharge from the vulva serves as a cardinal symptom of the open form of pyometra and allows to clearly differentiate it from the closed form. Common systemic clinical and laboratory manifestations of the open and closed forms of pyometra are hyporexia/anorexia, lethargy, polyuria/polydipsia, hyper/hypothermia, neutrophilic leukocytosis and monocytosis. In the closed form of pyometra, leukopenia, neutropenia and lymphocytopenia are also more common. Complex ultrasound (in Band D-modes) is widely used and highly informative method of diagnosing pyometra in bitches. Ultrasound examinations in B-mode allow to visually determine the presence of inflammatory changes in the uterus (for example, it is possible to determine the dilatation of the lumen of the uterine horns with hypoechoic contents (pus), an increase in the thickness of the uterine walls and/or the presence of formations of various sizes in the endometrium such as cysts). Research in Dallows the parameters of uterine blood flow to assess the nature and activity of the pathologic process. Disorders in the hemodynamics of the uterus in the closed form of the pyometra are, as a rule, more pronounced than in the open clinical form of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>собаки</kwd><kwd>пиометра</kwd><kwd>клиническая</kwd><kwd>лабораторная и ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dogs</kwd><kwd>pyometra</kwd><kwd>clinical</kwd><kwd>laboratory and ultrasound diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акчурин С.В., Дюльгер Г.П., Концевая С.Ю. и др. Сохранение породного разнообразия, репродуктивного и продуктивного долголетия собак в условиях современного общества: коллективная монография. – М.: Калужский филиал РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева, 2023. – С. 141-166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akchurin S.V., Dyulger G.P., konstevaya S.Yu. Preservation of breed diversity, reproductive and productive longevity of dogs in the conditions of modern society: a monograph. Moscow, Russia: Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after k.A. Timiryazev, 2023:141-166. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилкина О.П., Счисленко С.А., Строганова И.Я. Этиология, патогенез и терапия при пиометре у собак // Вестник КрасГАУ. – 2023. – № 7. – С. 117-124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danilkina O.P., Schislenko S.A., Stroganova I.Ya. Etiology, pathogenesis and therapy for pyometra in dogs. Bulletin of KSAU. 2023;7:117-124. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2023-7-117-124</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюльгер Г.П., Дюльгер П.Г. Физиология размножения и репродуктивная патология собак: Учебное пособие. – Изд. 4-е. – СПб.: Лань, 2022. – 236 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dyulger G.P., Dyulger P.G. Physiology of reproduction and reproductive pathology in dogs: a textbook. 4th ed. St. Petersburg, Russia: Lan, 2022:236. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюльгер Г.П., Колядина Н.И., Салагаева Е.К., Асеева М.В. Клинико-лабораторные проявления открытой формы пиометры у собак // Актуальные вопросы ветеринарной медицины: образование, наука, практика: Сборник статей. – М.: РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева, 2021. – С. 194-200.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dyulger G.P., kolyadina N.I., Salagaeva E.k., Aseeva M.V. Clinical and laboratory manifestations of the open form of pyometra in dogs. Vserossiyskaya (natsionalnaya) nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya “Aktualnye voprosy veterinarnoy mediciny: obrazovanie, nauka, praktika”. October 14, 2021. Moscow, Russia: Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after k.A. Timiryazev, 2021:194-200. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюльгер Г.П., Сибилева Ю.Г., Дюльгер П.Г. и др. Распространение, факторы риска, патофизиология и современные аспекты терапии пиометры у собак // Известия ТСХА. – 2019. – № 2. – С. 88-105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dyulger G.P., Sibileva Yu.G., Dyulger P.G., khramtsov V.V., Leontiev L.B. Incidence, risk factors, pathophysiology and modern aspects of therapy of canine pyometra. Izvestiya of Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. 2019;(2):88-105. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.34677/0021-342X-2019-2-88-105</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Раднаева Г.С., Томитова Е.А., Цыбикжапов А.Д. Ультразвуковая диагностика патологий матки у сук // Вестник Бурятской ГСХА имени В.Р. Филиппова. – 2022. – № 3 (68). – С. 62-67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radnaeva G.S., Tomitova E.A., Tsybikzhapov A.D. Ultrasound diagnosis of the uterus pathologies in female dogs. Vestnik Buryatskoy gosudarstvennoy selskhokhozyasvennoy akademii imeni V.R. Filippova. 2022;3(68):62-67. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.34655/bgsha.2022.68.3.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Batista P.R., Gobello C., Rube A. et al. Uterine Blood Flow Evaluation in Bitches Suffering from Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia (CEH) and CEH-pyometra Complex // Theriogenology. – 2016. – Vol. 85, № 7. – Pр. 1258-1261.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Batista P.R., Gobello C., Rube A. et al. Uterine blood flow evaluation in bitches suffering from cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) and CEH-pyometra complex. Theriogenology. 2016;85(7):1258-1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.12.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carvalho C.F. de, Martins A.M., Guimarães K.C. das D.S. et al. Uterine Artery Hemodynamics in Female Dogs with Open and Closed-cervix pyometra // Research, Society and Development. – 2021. – Vol. 10, № 11. – Art. e257101119287. – DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19287. – Режим доступа: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/19287 (дата обращения: 24.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Carvalho C.F., Martins A.M., k.C. Guimarães das D.S. et al. Uterine artery hemodynamics in female dogs with openand closed-cervix pyometra. Research, Society andDevelopment.2021;10(11):e257101119287.https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19287</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hadiya H.D., Patel D.M., Ghodasara D.J., Bhanderi Bh.B. Canine Pyometra: Clinico-diagnostic, Microbial, Gross and Histopathological Evaluation // Ind. J. Vet. Sci. Biotech. – 2021. – Pр. 41-45. DOI: 10.21887/ijvsbt.17.3.9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hadiya H.D., Patel D.M., Ghodasara D.J., Bhanderi Bh.B. Canine Pyometra: clinico-diagnostic, microbial, gross and histopathological evaluation. Ind. J. Vet. Sci. Biotech. 2021;41-45. https://doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.17.3.9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hagman R. Pyometra in Small Animals 2.0 // Vet. Clin. Small Anim. – 2022. – Vol. 52. – Pр. 631-657.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hagman R. Pyometra in Small Animals 2.0. Vet. Clin. Small Anim. 2022;52:631-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.01.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jitpean S., Hagman R., Strom Holst B. et al. Breed Variations in the Incidence of Pyometra and Mammary Tumours in Swedish Dogs // Reprod. Domest. Anim. – 2012. – Vol. 47. – Pр. 347-350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jitpean S., Hagman R., Strom Holst B. et al. Breed variations in the incidence ofpyometraandmammarytumoursinSwedishdogs.Reprod.Domest.Anim.2012;47:347-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12103</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jitpean S. Predictive Markers and Risk Factors in Canine Pyometra: Ph.D Thesis. – Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2015. – 73 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jitpean S. Predictive Markers and Risk Factors in Canine Pyometra: Doctoral Thesis. Uppsala, Sweden: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2015:73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juneja R., Jhamb D., Nirwan S.S. et al. Study on the Factors Affecting Occurrence of Pyometra in Reported Canine Clinical Cases of Udaipur Region // Haryana Vet. – 2021. – Vol. 60, № 2. – Pр. 279-281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juneja R., Jhamb D., Nirwan S.S. et al. Study on the factors affecting occurrence of pyometra in reported canine clinical cases of Udaipur region. Haryana Vet. 2021;60(2):279-281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konjeti A., Kavuri S.R., Manda S. et al. Doppler Velocimetry of Uterine Artery in Bitches with Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia-Pyometra Complex // Ind. J.Ve.t Sci. and Biotech. – 2022. – Vol. 18, № 5. – Pр. 51-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">konjeti A., kavuri S.R., Manda S. et al. Doppler Velocimetry of Uterine Artery in Bitches with Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia-Pyometra Complex. Ind. J. Vet. Sci. and Biotech. 2022;18(5):51-55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar R.S., Rasool A., Umamageswari J. et al. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Canine Pyometra // J Dairy Vet Anim Res. – 2023. – Vol. 12, № 1. – Pр. 5-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">kumar R.S., Rasool A., Umamageswari J. et al. Ultrasonographic evaluation of canine pyometra. J Dairy Vet Anim Res. 2023;12(1):5-6. https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00314</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santana C.H., Santos R.L. Canine Pyometra – an Update and Revision of Diagnostic Terminology // Braz. J. Vet. Pathol. – 2021. – Vol. 14, № 1. – Pр. 1-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santana C.H., Santos R.L. Canine pyometra – an update and revision of diagnostic terminology. Braz. J. Vet. Pathol. 2021;14(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.24070/bjvp.1983-0246.v14i1p1-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Talukdar D., Sarma K., Konwar B. et al. Clinico-Haemato-Biochemical and Pathological Alteration of Pyometra in Canines // Indian J. Anim. Res. – 2022. – Vol. 44. – Pр. 1-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talukdar D., Sarma k., konwar B. et al. Clinico-Haemato-Biochemical and Pathological Alteration of Pyometra in Canines. Indian J. Anim. Res. 2022;44:1-7. https://doi.org/10.18805/IJAR.B-4684</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tello L., Martin F., Valdes A. Comparative Study of Ultrasonographic, Radiographic, and Postoperative Characteristics of 50 Bitches with Pyometra // Arch. Med. Vet. – 1996. – Vol. 28. – P. 137.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tello L., Martin F., Valdes A. Comparative study of ultrasonographic, radiographic, and postoperative characteristics of 50 bitches with pyometra. Arch. Med. Vet. 1996;28:137.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veiga G.A.L., Miziara R.H., Angrimani D.S.R. et al. Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia – Pyometra Syndrome in Bitches: Identification of Hemodynamic, Inflammatory, and Cell Proliferation Changes // Biology of Reproduction. – 2017. – Vol. 96, № 1. – Pр. 58-69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veiga G.A.L., Miziara R.H., Angrimani D.S.R. et al. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia– pyometra syndrome in bitches: Identification of hemodynamic, inflammatory, and cell proliferation changes. Biology of Reproduction. 2017;96(1):58-69. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.116.140780</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xavier R.G.C., Santana C.H., Silva P.H.S. et al. Association between Bacterial Pathogenicity, Endometrial Histological Changes and Clinical Prognosis in Canine Pyometra // Theriogenology. – 2024. – Vol. 214. – Pр. 118-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xavier R.G.C., Santana C.H., Silva P.H.S. et al. Association between Bacterial Pathogenicity, Endometrial Histological Changesand Clinical Prognosisin Canine Pyometra. Theriogenology. 2024;214:118-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xavier R.G.C., Santana C.H., de Castro Y.G. et al. Canine Pyometra: A Short Review of Current Advances // Animals. – 2023. – Vol. 13, № 21. – Art. 3310. DOI: 10.3390/ani13213310. – Режим доступа: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/21/3310 (дата обращения: 14.06.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xavier R.G.C.,Santana C.H.,deCastro Y.G.etal.CaninePyometra:AShortReview of Current Advances. Animals. 2023;13(21):3310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213310</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
