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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2024-2-151-160</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-588</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ, МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние осмотического стресса на прорастание семян Helianthus annuus L.: сахароза как осмотический регулятор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of osmotic stress on the germination of Helianthus annuus L. seeds: sucrose as an osmotic regulator</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова Дарья Геннадьевна - канд. биол. наук.</p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр-кт Победы, 13; тел.: (961) 901–84–77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya G. Fedorova - CSc (Bio).</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018; phone: (961) 901–84–77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daryaorlova24@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назарова Наталья Михайловна - канд. биол. наук.</p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр-кт Победы, 13 ; тел.: (922) 897–58–85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Nazarova - CSc (Bio).</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018; phone: (922) 897–58–85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nazarova-1989@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гвоздикова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvozdikova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гвоздикова Анастасия Михайловна - канд. биол. наук.</p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр-кт Победы, 13 ; тел.: (982) 208–42–20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia M. Gvozdikova - CSc (Bio).</p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018; phone: (982) 208–42–20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasiaporv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Гвоздикова А.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Гвоздикова А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova D.G., Nazarova N.M., Gvozdikova A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/588">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/588</self-uri><abstract><p>Оренбургская область относится к зоне рискованного земледелия, для которого типичны засухи, чередующиеся с суховеями. Helianthus annuus L., сорт ‘Посейдон 625’, – важная продовольственная культура, возделываемая в регионе, поэтому важно выявить влияние аридизации климата на самых ранних этапах ее онтогенеза. Целью исследований являлось изучение влияния различных концентраций осмотического вещества (сахарозы) на прорастание и дальнейший рост проростков семян «Helianthus annuus L., сорт ‘Посейдон 625’». Лабораторное проращивание проводили в условиях вегетативной камеры по ГОСТ 12038–84. Для оценки прорастания семян в условиях физиологической засухи использовали методику Н.Н. Кожушко, рекомендованную ФИЦ ВИР. Заложено 6 вариантов опытов по проращиванию семян в растворах сахарозы с концентрацией 1,4% (Р = 1 атм); 4,4% (Р = 3 атм); 7,4% (Р = 5 атм); 10,5% (Р = 8 атм); 16,6% (Р = 12 атм) и дистиллированной водой в качестве контрольного. В результате исследований выявлено, что действие осмотического давления, равного 1 атм, не оказывает значимого влияния на всхожесть, однако оказывает раннее стрессирующее воздействие на семена, снижая их энергию прорастания даже в условиях минимального дефицита почвенной влаги. Посредством дисперсионного анализа установлено достоверное снижение (р &lt;&lt;0,05) как всхожести, так и ростовых процессов у проростков «Helianthus annuus L., сорт ‘Посейдон 625’», при увеличении концентрации раствора-осмотика по вариантам опыта. Таким образом, по реакции на дефицит увлажнения на ранних этапах онтогенеза исследуемый сорт можно отнести к группе среднезасухоустойчивых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg region belongs to the zone of risky agriculture, which is characterized by droughts alternating with dry and hot winds. Helianthus annuus L., variety ‘Poseidon 625’ is an important food crop cultivated in the region, therefore it is important to identify the influence of climatic drought already at the earliest stages of its ontogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different concentrations of osmotic substance (sucrose) on the germination and further growth of seedlings of H. annuus ‘Poseidon 625’. The laboratory germination was carried out in a vegetative chamber according to GOST 12038–84. The method of N.N. Kozhushko recommended by FRC VIR was used for evaluation of seed germination in physiological drought conditions. There are six variants of experiments on germination of seeds in sucrose solutions with concentrations of 1.4% (P = 1 atm), 4.4% (P = 3 atm), 7.4% (P = 5 atm), 10.5% (P = 8 atm), and 16.6% (P = 12 atm) and distilled water as a control. The study showed that the effect of osmotic pressure equal to 1 atm has no significant effect on germination, but has an early stress effect on seeds, reducing their germination energy even in conditions of minimal soil moisture deficiency. By means of a dispersion analysis, a significant decrease (p &lt;&lt;0.05) in both germination and growth processes of seedlings of H. annuus ‘Poseidon 625’ was found with increasing concentration of the osmotic solution by variants of the experiment. Thus, according to the reaction to the lack of moisture in the early stages of ontogenesis the studied variety can be assigned to the group of medium drought resistant.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подсолнечник</kwd><kwd>осмотический стресс</kwd><kwd>физиологическая засуха</kwd><kwd>всхожесть</kwd><kwd>проростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sunflower</kwd><kwd>osmotic stress</kwd><kwd>physiological drought</kwd><kwd>germination</kwd><kwd>seedlings</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23–76–10060, https://rscf.ru/project/23–76–10060/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y., Wang Y., Shi H., Hu H., Yi L., Hou J. 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(In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
