izvestiiatimacadИзвестия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академииIZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY0021-342XФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева10.26897/0021-342X-2024-2-45-55izvestiiatimacad-579Research ArticleБОТАНИКА, ПЛОДОВОДСТВОBOTANY, POMICULTUREОсобенности строения устьичного аппарата представителей рода Thymus L.Structure features of the stomatal apparatus of representatives of the genus Thymus L.МаланкинаЕ. Л.MalankinaE. L.

Елена Львовна Маланкина - д-р с.-х. наук, профессор кафедры овощеводства.

127434, Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49; тел.: (499) 977–56–17

Elena L. Malankina - DSc (Agr), Professor at the Department of Vegetable Growing.

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127550; phone: (499) 977–56–17

malankina@rgau-msha.ruАль-КаравиХ.А.Х.Al-QarawiH.A.H.

Ханан Ахмед Хади Аль-Карави - канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры биологии, Научный факультет

Hanan A.H. AL-Qarawi - CSc (Bio), Associate Professor at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science

sci.hanan.ahmed@uobabylon.edu.iqЕвграфоваС. Л.EvgrafovaS. L.

Светлана Леонидовна Евграфова - ассистент кафедры биологической химии.

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8–2; тел.: (499) 246–70–26

Svetlana L. Evgrafovа - Assistant at the Biological Chemistry Department.

8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991; phone: (499) 246–70–26

afkx_farm@mail.ruРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian FederationРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; Вавилонский университетИракRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; Babylon UniversityIraqПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. СеченоваРоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202409052024024555Copyright © Маланкина Е.Л., Аль-Карави Х., Евграфова С.Л., 20242024Маланкина Е.Л., Аль-Карави Х., Евграфова С.Л.Malankina E.L., Al-Qarawi H., Evgrafova S.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/579

Thymus vulgaris L. и Thymus serpyllum L. являются востребованными лекарственными растениями во многих странах мира благодаря содержанию эфирного масла, флавоноидов, дубильных веществ. Виды этого рода являются крайне полиморфными как по морфологическому и анатомическому строению, так и по биохимическому составу. Устьица играют важную роль для роста и формирования урожая. Изучение устьичного аппарата и его особенностей является актуальной темой исследования для сельскохозяйственных культур. Для работы использованы 8 образцов Th. vulgaris и 3 образца Th. serpyllum различного географического происхождения. При исследованиях пользовались стандартными методиками приготовления препаратов. В результате исследований показано, что для обоих видов характерно наличие устьиц на обеих сторонах листовой пластинки. В эпидермисе обоих проанализированных видов преобладает диацитный тип устьичного аппарата, но изредка обнаруживается также аномоцитный тип. Размер устьиц для каждого сорта независимо от погодных условий года был практически постоянным, что указывает, вероятно, на генетическую детерминированность размера устьиц и позволяет рассматривать данный показатель как диагностический признак при фармакогностическом анализе сырья. Количество устьиц на верхней стороне листа было относительно небольшим (16–129 шт/мм2), в то время как на нижней стороне листа оно находилось в пределах от 97–701 шт/мм2 (Th. serpyllum ВИЛАР и у Th. vulgaris сv. Колхида соответственно), но в основном укладывалось в интервал 300–400 шт/мм2.

Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus serpyllum L. are sought-after medicinal plants in many countries of the world for their essential oils, flavonoids and tannins. The species of this genus are extremely polymorphic, both in their morphological and anatomical structure and in their biochemical composition. Stomata play an important role in growth and yield formation. The study of the stomatal apparatus and its features is a relevant research topic for agricultural crops.Eight specimens of Th. vulgaris and three specimens of Th. serpyllum from different geographical origins were used for the work. Standard methods of preparation of preparations were used in the study. The results show that both species are characterized by the presence of stomata on both sides of the leaf. In the epidermis of both species analyzed, the diacytic type of the stomatal apparatus predominates, but occasionally the anomocytic type is also found. The size of the stomata for each cultivar was almost constant regardless of the weather conditions of the year, which probably indicates the genetic determinism of the size of the stomata and allows this indicator to be considered as a diagnostic sign in the pharmacognostic analysis of raw materials. The number of stomata on the upper side of the leaf was relatively low (16 to 129 pcs/mm2), while on the lower side of the leaf it ranged from 97 to 701 pcs/mm2 (in Th serpyllum VILAR and Th. vulgaris cv. ‘Colchis’, respectively), but mostly fell within the range of 300 to 400 pcs/mm2.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.