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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2023-5-35-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-501</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексный  подход ускоренной селекции F1-гибридов ярового рапса на основе ЦМС</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Integrated  approach for accelerated breeding of spring rapeseed F1-hybrids based on CMS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-1164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишнякова Анастасия Васильевна, канд. с.-х. наук, доцент кафедры ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>тел.: 8 (499) 976–41–71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya V. Vishnyakova, CSc(Ag), Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550</p><p>phone: +7 (499) 976–41–71</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.vishnyakova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаус</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaus</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаус Григорий Юрьевич, магистрант кафедры ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>тел.: 8 (964)599–21–95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigoriy Yu. Gaus, MSc student, Department of Botany, Breeding and Seed Production of Garden Plants</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550</p><p>phone: +7 (964) 599–21–95</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grisha.gaus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александрова Анастасия Алексеевна, аспирант кафедры ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>тел.: 8 (910)466–03–09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya A. Aleksandrova, post-graduate student, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550</p><p>phone: +7 (910) 466–03–09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.alexandrova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахос</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhos</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахос Григорий Федорович, канд. с.-х. наук, генеральный директор </p><p>127434, г. Москва, ул. Пасечная, 5</p><p>тел.: 8 (499) 977–11–74</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigoriy F. Monakhos, CSc (Ag), Chief Executive Officer </p><p>5, Pasechnaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: +7 (499) 977–11–74</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">breedst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-8862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахос</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhos</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахос Сократ Григорьевич, д-р с.-х. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>тел.: 8 (499) 976–41–71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sokrat G. Monakhos, DSc (Ag), Professor, Head of the Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550</p><p>phone: +7 (499) 976–41–71</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.monakhos@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО "Селекционная станция имени Н.Н. Тимофеева"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Breeding station named by N.N. Timofeev”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишнякова А.В., Гаус Г.Ю., Александрова А.А., Монахос Г.Ф., Монахос С.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишнякова А.В., Гаус Г.Ю., Александрова А.А., Монахос Г.Ф., Монахос С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnyakova A.V., Gaus G.Y., Aleksandrova A.A., Monakhos G.F., Monakhos S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/501">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/501</self-uri><abstract><p>Создание гетерозисных F1-гибридов ярового рапса является наиболее эффективным подходом к решению проблемы повышения продуктивности рапса, также обеспечивает более эффективный возврат средств в селекцию. Ускоренное создание гетерозисных гибридов обеспечивается комплексом современных биотехнологических и молекулярно-генетических методов. Для осуществления контроля гибридизации при промышленном производстве семян F1-гибридов и дополнительной защиты авторских прав селекционера используют цитоплазматическую мужскую стерильность (ЦМС). Быстро определить тип ЦМС, выделить линии – восстановители и закрепители стерильности – позволяют молекулярно-генетические маркеры. В комбинации с производством удвоенных гаплоидов и использованием защищенного грунта для создания материнских линий интенсивность и скорость селекционного процесса можно увеличить в 2–3 раза.</p><p>В данной работе мы провели генотипирование образцов ярового рапса зарубежной селекции с использованием молекулярно-генетического маркера ORF138 на тип цитоплазмы Ogura и разделили коллекцию на две группы по наличию и отсутствию маркера. Фертильные линии удвоенных гаплоидов (ЛУГ), произведенные из образца с цитоплазмой Ogura, определили для использования в качестве восстановители фертильности, а ЛУГ из образца с иной цитоплазмой – в качестве закрепителя стерильности для создания материнских мужски стерильных линий на основе ЦМС Ogura.</p><p>Линии удвоенных гаплоидов оценили в полевом испытании по основным хозяйственно-ценным признакам, 30 отцовских линий восстановителей и 4 ранее созданных мужских стерильных линий были вовлечены в гибридизацию для создания гибридов и оценки комбинационная способности линий. В результате по комплексу признаков и свойств были выделено 3 фертильные линии Дж30, Дж26, Дж24 и Ки1мс для селекции гетерозисных гибридов на основе ЦМС Ogura и 5 перспективных гибридных комбинаций для станционного испытания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The breeding of F1-hybrids of spring rapeseed is the most effective approach to solving the problem of increasing rapeseed yield, as well as provides a more effective return on investment in breeding. Accelerated breeding of heterosis hybrids is provided by a complex of modern biotechnological and molecular-genetic methods. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is used to control hybridization in the industrial production of F1-hybrid seeds and for additional copyright protection. Molecular-genetic markers allow rapid determination of the type of CMC and differentiation between the lines of fertility restorers and sterility maintainers. By combining double haploid production and indoor planting for the development of maternal lines, the intensity of the breeding process can be increased by 2–3 times.</p><p>In this research, we have genotyped a germplasm collection of foreign spring rape using the molecular marker ORF138 for the Ogura cytoplasm and divided the collection into two groups according to the presence or absence of the marker. Subsequently, doubled haploid lines (DHL) produced from a sample with Ogura cytoplasm were used as fertility restorer lines, and DHL from hybrids with a non-Ogura cytoplasm were used to develop female male sterile lines based on Ogura-CMC.</p><p>The doubled haploid lines were evaluated in the field for the main economically valuable traits, and 30 fertility restorer lines and four male-sterile lines were hybridized to assess their combining ability. As a result, four DH lines J30, J26, J24 and Ki1ms were selected for future breeding of heterosis hybrids basedon Ogura-CMC and five promising spring rapeseed hybrids were identified according to the complex of traits and properties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рапс яровой</kwd><kwd>линии удвоенных гаплоидов</kwd><kwd>ускоренная селекция</kwd><kwd>общая комбинационная способность</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>ЦМС Ogura</kwd><kwd>молекулярный маркер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spring rapeseed</kwd><kwd>doubled haploid line</kwd><kwd>accelerated breeding</kwd><kwd>general combining ability</kwd><kwd>seed productivity</kwd><kwd>CMS Ogura</kwd><kwd>molecular marker</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России в рамках соглашения № 075–15–2022–745 от 13 мая 2022 г., заключенного по гранту МК-3440.2022.5.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова И.Н., Дубовская А.Г. 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