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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2023-3-62-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-376</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние типа стерильной цитоплазмы на селекционно-ценные признаки гибридов F1 сорго в различных по влагообеспеченности условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of sterile cytoplasm type on valuable breeding traits of F1 sorghum hybrids under diff erent moisture conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1808-8974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кибальник</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kibal’nik</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кибальник Оксана Павловна, канд. биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник отдела сорговых культур</p><p>410050, г. Саратов, 1-й Институтский пр-д, 4</p><p>тел.: (845) 279–49–69</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana P. Kibal’nik, CSc (Bio), Chief Research Associate, Department of Sorghum Crops</p><p>4, 1-iy Institutskiy Passage, Saratov, 410050</p><p>phone: (8452) 79–49–69</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kibalnik79@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научно-исследовательский и проектно-технологический институт сорго и кукурузы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research and Design-Technological Institute of Sorghum and Corn</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кибальник О.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кибальник О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kibal’nik O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/376">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/376</self-uri><abstract><p>Некоторыми исследователями у сорго обнаружено влияние стерильной цитоплазмы на проявление биологических и селекционно-ценных признаков. При этом одни авторы обнаруживают влияние стерильной цитоплазмы, другие описывают отсутствие различий между гибридами F1, полученными на основе ЦМС-линий с одним и тем же ядерным геномом и различающимися только типом стерильной цитоплазмы. В этой связи целью исследований являлось определение эффекта стерильных цитоплазм А1, А2, А3, А4, А5, А6 и метеорологических условий выращивания гибридов F1 зернового сорго на основные селекционно-ценные признаки. В данных исследованиях гибриды F1 получены на основе ЦМС-линий с геномом Карлика 4в и 6 типами стерильных цитоплазм, а в качестве опылителя использовали линию Восторг. Исследования проводились в течение 2016–2018 гг., различающихся по гидротермическому режиму периодов вегетации растений (ГТК = 0,51–1,01). В результате эксперимента впервые установлено: увеличение высоты растений при созревании у гибрида А5 Карлик 4в/Восторг (123,3 см) в сравнении с гибридами на цитоплазмах А1, А2, А3, А4, А6 (118,0 см); уменьшение площади флагового листа у гибрида А3 Карлик 4в/Восторг (104,4 см2) в сравнении с гибридами на цитоплазмах А2, А4, А5 и А6 (130,3–136,3 см2). В среднем за период испытаний гибриды на цитоплазмах А1 и А5 формировали более высокую урожайность биомассы (18,53–18,57 т/га) в сравнении с гибридами на цитоплазмах А4 и А6 (13,76–15,91 т/га), однако различия оказались незначимыми. При этом вклад факторов «Тип ЦМС» в общую изменчивость селекционных признаков составил от 1,4 до 14,0%, «Метеорологические условия года» – 24,0–58,9%. В селекции гибридов сорго с использованием генетически различных типов стерильных цитоплазм по комплексу селекционных признаков в скрещивания целесообразно включать ЦМС-линию на цитоплазме А5.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Some researchers have found the influence of sterile cytoplasm on the manifestation of biological and valuable breeding traits in sorghum. In addition, some authors detect the influence of sterile cytoplasm, while others describe the absence of differences between F1 hybrids obtained from CMS lines with the same nuclear genome and differing only in the type of sterile cytoplasm. In this context, the aim of the research was to determine the effect of sterile cytoplasms A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 and meteorological conditions of growing F1 hybrids of grain sorghum on the main valuable breeding traits. In this work, F1 hybrids were obtained on the basis of CMS lines with the Karlik 4v genome and six types of sterile cytoplasm, and the Vostorg line was used as a pollinator. The studies were carried out in 2016–2018, with different hydrothermal regimes of plant growing seasons (GTK=0.51–1.01). As a result of the experiment, for the first time an increase in plant height during maturation was found in the A5 Karlik 4v/Vostorg hybrid (123.3 cm) compared to hybrids on cytoplasms A1, A2, A3, A4, A6 (118.0 cm); a decrease in the flag leaf area was found in the A3 Karlik 4v/ hybrid (104.4 cm2) compared to hybrids on cytoplasms A2, A4, A5 and A6 (130.3–136.3 cm2). On average, during the test period, hybrids on A1 and A5 cytoplasms produced a higher biomass yield (18.53–18.57 t/ha) than hybrids on A4 and A6 cytoplasms (13.76–15.91 t/ha), but the differences were not significant. At the same time, the contribution of the factor “CMS type” to the totalvariability of breeding traits ranged from 1.4 to 14.0%; “meteorological conditions” of the year – 24.0–58.9%. When breeding sorghum hybrids using genetically different types of sterile cytoplasm, it is advisable to include a CMS line on the A5 cytoplasm in the crossing according to the complex of breeding characteristics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорго</kwd><kwd>гибриды F1</kwd><kwd>ЦМС-линии</kwd><kwd>типы стерильных цитоплазм</kwd><kwd>селекционные признаки</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sorghum</kwd><kwd>F1 hybrids</kwd><kwd>CMS lines</kwd><kwd>types of sterile cytoplasmas</kwd><kwd>breeding characteristics</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания Министерства сельского хозяйства РФ и тематического плана ФГБНУ РосНИИСК «Россорго».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aruna C., Shrotria P.K., Pahuja S.K. et al. 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