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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2022-6-94-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY, CROP PRODUCTION, PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инструментальный  экономический уровень поврежденности и экономический порог вредоносности  популяций паутинного клеща на землянике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Instrumental economic injury level  and economic threshold of spider mite populations on strawberries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономаренко Екатерина Константиновна, канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina K. Ponomarenko, PhD (Ag)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterinannov200@gmail.com</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>С. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>S. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Сергей Яковлевич, д-р биол. наук, профессор кафедры защиты растений</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>тел.: (499) 976–02–20; e-mail: </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Ya. Popov, DSc (Bio), Professor of the Department of Plant Protection</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: (499) 976–02–20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergei_ya_popov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baykov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байков Алексей Алексеевич, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и биохимии, интродукции и функциональных продуктов,</p><p>143080, Московская область, Одинцовскийрайон, поселок ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, 14</p><p>тел.: (495) 599–24–42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Baykov, Senior Research Associate of Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Introduction and Functional Products</p><p>14 Selektsionnaya Str., Moscow region, Odintsovo district, VNIISSOK v., 143080</p><p>phone: (495) 599–24–42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.baikov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гинс</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gins</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гинс Мурат Сабирович, д-р биол. наук, чл.- корр. РАН, заведующий лабораторией физиологии и биохимии, интродукции и функциональных продуктов</p><p>143080, Московская область, Одинцовский район, поселок ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, 14</p><p>тел.: (495) 599–24–42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Murat S. Gins, DSc (Bio), RAS Corresponding Member, Head of the Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Introduction and Functional Products</p><p>14 Selektsionnaya Str., Moscow region, Odintsovo district,VNIISSOK v., 143080</p><p>phone: (495) 599–24–42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anirr@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Vegetable Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономаренко Е.К., Попов С.Я., Байков А.А., Гинс М.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономаренко Е.К., Попов С.Я., Байков А.А., Гинс М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomarenko E.K., Popov S.Y., Baykov A.A., Gins M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/350">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/350</self-uri><abstract><p>Паутинные клещи рода Tetranychus повсеместно являются одними из значимых вредителей, повреждающих садовую землянику и множество других сельскохозяйственных культур. Одно из важных решений проблем управления популяциями вредителя – уметь идентифицировать пороги вредоносности этого вредителя, вызывающего при питании изменение окраски листьев растений.</p><p>Поскольку визуально весьма трудно определить степень повреждения листа паутинными клещами, авторы исследования обратились к обоснованному ими ранее инструментальному методу оценки поврежденности с помощью показателя относительной скорости электронного транспорта (rETR) на основе регистрации флуоресценции хлорофилла в листе. Были рассчитаны инструментальные пороги вредоносности вредителя: экономический уровень поврежденности (ЭУП) и экономический порог вредоносности (ЭПВ).</p><p>Исследования проведены в лаборатории на листьях земляники вазонной культуры при температуре воздуха 22 ± 2°C, относительной влажности воздуха 75 ± 10%, фотопериоде (L : D) 16:8 ч, а также на экспериментальном участке промышленной плантации земляники ЗАО «Совхоз им. Ленина» Московской области на фоне регистрации динамики численности особей на листьях. Одновременно с помощью флуориметра JUNIOR-PAM (Heinz Walz, Германия) измеряли динамику флуоресценции хлорофилла в листьях контрольных (без клещей) и опытных (поврежденных клещами) вариантов.</p><p>В результате на двух сортах промышленной земляники получили диапазон варьирования числового физиологического показателя, выражаемого через соотношение rETRmax между опытным и контрольным вариантами, равный 1,4–2,0 усл. ед., который соответствовал экономическому уровню поврежденности (ЭУП) листьев земляники. Последний показатель оказался сопоставимым с тем же показателем, полученным в лабораторных условиях, – 1,6. Экономический порог вредоносности (ЭПВ), сигнализирующий о начале истребительных обработок, если аргументированно предполагается, что численность вредителя достигнет или превысит значения ЭУП, также выражаемый через соотношение rETRmax между опытным и контрольным вариантами, оказался равным 1,1–1,2 усл. ед.</p><p>Авторы рекомендуют использовать предлагаемые инструментальные критерии вредоносности атлантического паутинного клеща на землянике. Мы полагаем, что этот подход можно использовать и в отношении других видов паутинных клещей, а также сосущих насекомых.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Spider mites of the genus Tetranychus are universally one of the significant pests that damage garden strawberries and many other crops. One of the important problems of the pest population management is to be able to identify the thresholds of this pest, which, when feeding, causes a change in the color of plant leaves.</p><p>Since it is very difficult to determine visually the level of leaf damage by spider mites, the authors of the study turned to the previously substantiated instrumental method for assessing damage using the relative electron transport rate (rETR) based on chlorophyll fluorescence detection in the leaf. Instrumental thresholds of pest damage were calculated: the economic injury level (EIL) and the economic threshold (ET).</p><p>Studies were carried out in the laboratory on the leaves of strawberry grown in conteiners at temperature of 22 ± 2°C, relative humidity of 75 ± 10%, photoperiod (L : D) 16:8 h, as well as on the experimental plot of the strawberry plantation of JSC “Lenin Sovkhoz” (Moscow region); registration of the population dynamics of spider mites on the leaves being made. At the same time, using the JUNIOR-PAM fluorimeter (Heinz Walz, Germany), the dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves of the control (without mites) and experimental (damaged by mites) variants were measured.</p><p>As a result, two varieties of industrial strawberries obtained a range of variation of the numerical physiological index, expressed in terms of the ratio of rETRmax between the experimental and control variants, equal to 1.4–2.0 conventional units, which corresponded to the economic injury level (EIL) of strawberry leaves. The latter trait was comparable to the same parameter obtained in the laboratory – 1.6. The economic threshold (ET), which signals the beginning of pesticide treatments, if it is reasonably expected that the number of pests will reach or exceed the value of EIL, also expressed in terms of the ratio of rETRmax between the experimental and control variants, turned out to be equal to 1.1–1.2 conventional units.</p><p>The authors recommend using the proposed instrumental criteria for the harmfulness of the Atlantic spider mite on strawberries. We believe that this approach can be applied to other species of spider mites, as well as sucking insects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>паутинный клещ</kwd><kwd>Tetranychidae</kwd><kwd>экономический уровень поврежденности</kwd><kwd>экономический порог вредоносности</kwd><kwd>флуориметр</kwd><kwd>флуоресценция хлорофилла</kwd><kwd>относительная скорость электронного транспорта (rETR)</kwd><kwd>земляника</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spider mite</kwd><kwd>Tetranychidae</kwd><kwd>economic injury level (EIL)</kwd><kwd>economic threshold (ET)</kwd><kwd>fluorimeter</kwd><kwd>chlorophyll fluorescence</kwd><kwd>relative electron transport rate (rETR)</kwd><kwd>strawberry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байков А.А., Караваев В.А., Попов С.Я., Квитка А.Ю., Левыкина И.П., Солнцев М.К., Тихонов А.Н. 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