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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2022-6-31-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-344</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация молекулярно-генетических методов диагностики грибов рода Sclerotinia .</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimisation of molecular-genetic methods for diagnosing fungi of Genus Sclerotinia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинова</surname><given-names>C. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Блинова София Алексеевна, младший научный сотрудник ; научный сотрудник</p><p>127434,  г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 42</p><p>тел.: (915) 125–87–13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofiya A. Blinova, Junior Research Associate, , Research Associate </p><p>42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: (915) 125–87–13</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofya.blinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конышева</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konysheva</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Конышева Мария Леонидовна, научный сотрудник</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 42</p><p>тел.: (920) 627–04–90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya L. Konysheva, Research Associate </p><p>42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434, </p><p>phone: (920) 627–04–90</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariakorolewa@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шварцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvartsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шварцев Алексей Анатольевич, научный сотрудник ; аспирант</p><p> 127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 42 ;</p><p>127434,  г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p><p>тел.: (925) 161–15–63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Shvartsev, Research Associate of LLC “Syntol”, post-graduate student</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: (925) 161–15–63</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexey.sva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solov’ev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьев Александр Александрович, д-р биол. наук, профессор РАН, заведующий лабораторией маркерной и геномной селекции растений</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 42</p><p>тел.: (926) 164–16–30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Solov’ev, DSc (Bio), RAS Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Marker and Genomic Plant Selection</p><p>42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: (926) 164–16–30</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.soloviev70@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Я. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>Ya. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеев Яков Игоревич, канд. биол. наук, директор по науке </p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 42</p><p>тел.: (916) 628–00–31 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakov I. Alekseev, PhD (Bio), Scientific Director </p><p>42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p><p>phone: (916) 628–00–31</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jalex2071@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазурин</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurin</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазурин Евгений Сергеевич, канд. биол. наук, руководитель лабораторий тех. поддержки</p><p>115114, г. Москва, Летниковская ул., 2</p><p>тел.: (495) 933–77–55</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy S. Mazurin, PhD (Bio), Head of Technical Support Laboratories</p><p>2 Letnikovskaya Str., Moscow, 115114</p><p>phone: (495) 933–77–55</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zarauh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии»; ООО «Синтол»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology; LLC “Syntol”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Синтол»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Syntol”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Синтол»; Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural&#13;
Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Сингента»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Syngenta”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Блинова C.А., Конышева М.Л., Шварцев А.А., Соловьев А.А., Алексеев Я.И., Мазурин Е.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Блинова C.А., Конышева М.Л., Шварцев А.А., Соловьев А.А., Алексеев Я.И., Мазурин Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blinova S.A., Konysheva M.L., Shvartsev A.A., Solov’ev A.A., Alekseev Y.I., Mazurin E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/344">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/344</self-uri><abstract><p>Грибы являются возбудителями множества болезней растений, наносящих значительный ущерб урожаю и приводящих к существенным экономическим потерям. Одними из самых широко распространенных и опасных патогенов являются грибы рода Sclerotinia. Представители данного рода способны поражать большинство важных сельскохозяйственных культур ввиду отсутствия у последних устойчивости, что впоследствии приводит к гибели растений. В связи с этим необходимо проводить диагностику растительного материала на наличие грибов данного рода. Целью исследований являлась апробация разработанных систем праймеров и зондов для выявления наиболее опасных представителей рода Sclerotinia – таких, как S. sclerotiorum, S. nivalis, S. borealis и S. Minor. Проверка проводилась как на заведомо положительных образцах культур грибов, так и на растениях с полей (в частности, озимой пшеницы – для проведения скринингового исследования и определения уровня зараженности S. borealis). Материалом для исследований послужили 24 образца грибов, относящихся к роду Sclerotinia, полученные из ООО «Сингента», и 37 образцов озимой пшеницы из разных мест возделывания. Определение видовой принадлежности культур грибов осуществлялось методом секвенирования по Сенгеру с использованием разработанных пар праймеров на участок гена β-tubulin (tub) и фрагмент кластера генов rRNA. Дополнительно были сконструированы олигонуклеотиды для проведения видовой дифференциации вида S. borealis методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени (ПЦР-РВ). При определении аналитических характеристик набора было показано отсутствие ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных результатов. Проведение скрининговых исследований 37 образцов озимой пшеницы показало наличие нуклеиновых кислот исследуемого патогена у 24,3% проанализированных образцов. При проведении исследования не было обнаружено сильно зараженных образцов, что говорит о нахождении патогена в начальной фазе его развития.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Phytopathogenic fungi are the causative agent for disruptive crop plant diseases, besides causing significant losses in crop yield annually. Sclerotinia is one of the most common and dangerous pathogens. Species of the Sclerotinia genus cause widespread disease across a broad range 40 of economically important agricultural crops. Regular screening of Sclerotinia in plant material is necessary due to wide host-plants range and absence of resistance to this phytopathogen. The purpose of this study was to test the developed systems of primers and probes to identify the most dangerous species of Sclerotinia genus, such as S. sclerotiorum, S. nivalis, S. borealis and S. minor. This system has been tested on positive samples of fungal cultures. Screening study and determination of the infection level with S. borealis were carried out on winter wheat. The material for the study was 24 samples of fungi belonging to the genus Sclerotinia obtained from Syngenta LLC and 37 winter wheat samples from different places of growth. Species identification of fungal cultures was carried out by Sanger sequencing using the developed pairs of primers for the β-tubulin (tub) gene region and a fragment of the rRNA gene cluster. Additionally, oligonucleotides were designed for the identification of S. borealis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In determining the analytical characteristics of the kit, the absence of false positive and false negative results was demonstrated. Screening studies of 37 winter wheat samples showed the presence of nucleic acids of the studied pathogen in 24.3% among the analyzed samples. There were no severely infected samples among the tested, which indicates that the pathogen is in the initial stage of its development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Sclerotinia</kwd><kwd>грибы</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>набор реагентов</kwd><kwd>озимая пшеница</kwd><kwd>зараженность</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sclerotinia</kwd><kwd>fungi</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>reagent kit</kwd><kwd>winter wheat</kwd><kwd>infection</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abawi G.S., Grogan R.G. Epidemiology of diseases caused by Sclerotinia species. Phytopathology. 1979; 69:899–903.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abawi G.S., Grogan R.G. Epidemiology of diseases caused by Sclerotinia species. 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