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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2022-2-54-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-246</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфометрические параметры семян дикорастущих форм моркови как селекционные признаки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphometric parameters of wild carrot seeds as breeding traits</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухаров</surname><given-names>Александр Федорович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukharov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бухаров Александр Федорович, д-р с.-х. наук, главный научный сотрудник группы семеноведения и первичного семеноводства овощных культур</p><p>140153, Московская обл., Раменский р-он, д. Верея, стр. 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr F. Bukharov, DSc (Ag), Chief Research Associate, the Group of Seed Science and Primary Seed Production of Vegetable Crops</p><p>140153, Russian Federation, building 500, Vereya, Ramenskiy district, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afb56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>Надежда Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>Nadezhda A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремина Надежда Александровна, младший научный сотрудник группы семеноведения и первичного семеноводства овощных культур</p><p>140153, Московская обл., Раменский р-он, д. Верея, стр. 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda A. Eremina, Junior Research Associate, the Group of Seed Science and Primary Seed Production of Vegetable Crops</p><p>140153, Russian Federation, building 500, Vereya, Ramenskiy district, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galanova.nadejda@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леунов</surname><given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leunov</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леунов Владимир Иванович, д-р с.-х. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры овощеводства института садоводства и ландшафтной архитектуры</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Leunov, DSc (Ag), Professor, the Department of Vegetable Crop Production</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vileunov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Любовь Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Lyubov M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Любовь Михайловна, канд. с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела селекции и семеноводства</p><p>140153, Московская обл., Раменский р-он, д. Верея, стр. 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov M. Sokolova, PhD (Ag), Key Research Associate, the Department of Breeding and Seed Production</p><p>140153, Russian Federation, building 500, Vereya, Ramenskiy district, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lsokolova74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал Федерального научного центра овощеводства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Crop Production – Branch of Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Crop Production</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бухаров А.Ф., Еремина Н.А., Леунов В.И., Соколова Л.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бухаров А.Ф., Еремина Н.А., Леунов В.И., Соколова Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bukharov A.F., Eremina N.A., Leunov V.I., Sokolova L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/246">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/246</self-uri><abstract><p>Важнейшим фактором, влияющим на морфометрические параметры семян, является агротехнический фактор, включающий в себя удобрение, орошение, опыление, борьбу с вредителями, болезнями и сорными растениями. Особенно важной является своевременная уборка, препятствующая осыпанию наиболее вызревших семян, тогда как преждевременная уборка приводит к повышению доли невызревших семян с недоразвитым зародышем. Механизированная технология уборки, обмолота и сортировки семян может приводить к травмированию семян, в том числе зародыша. Поэтому целью работы стал всесторонний анализ морфометрических параметров семян диких форм моркови. В задачи исследований входило изучение степени изменчивости линейных размеров семени, эндосперма и зародыша, их соотношений (индексов) и корреляционных связей. В результате исследований у группы образцов дикорастущих форм моркови выявлены существенные различия по степени проявления основных морфометрических параметров семян, в том числе длине семени, эндосперма и зародыша. Наибольший интерес по этим признакам представляют образцы № 22. Daucus muricatus (L.) L. (Марокко), № 20. Daucus setifolius Desf. (Марокко), № 24. Daucus setifolius Desf. (Марокко), которые стабильно превышали уровень контроля по сочетанию всех трех показателей. Изучены коэффициенты корреляции между этими параметрами, которые свидетельствуют о возможности рассматривать их в качестве селекционно-значимых признаков. Используя методику градации и сравнительного анализа индекса IЗ/Э (величины зародыша относительно эндосперма), выделили группы сортов по этому показателю. Максимальное значение индекса I З/Э отмечено у образца № 2. Daucus carota L. (0,431) и стандарта (0,414), которые по этому показателю отнесены к пятому классу. Образец № 22. Daucus muricatus (L.) L., имея самый крупный зародыш в физическом выражении (1,87 ± 0,049), явно уступал стандарту по относительному размеру (IЗ/Э = 0,351) на 12,9%. Относительный размер эндосперма является более предпочтительным показателем для сравнения и отбора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most important factor affecting the morphometric parameters of seeds is the agrotechnical one, including fertilization, irrigation, pollination, and pest, disease and weed control. Timely harvesting is particularly important to prevent the most mature seeds from shattering, whereas premature harvesting increases the proportion of immature seeds with an underdeveloped germ. Mechanized harvesting, threshing and sorting technology can lead to seed injury, including germ damage. Therefore, the aim of the present work was a comprehensive analysis of the morphometric parameters of wild carrot seeds. The aim of the study was to investigate the degree of variability in the linear size of seed, endosperm and germ, their ratios (indices) and correlations. As a result of studies, a group of samples of wild carrot forms revealed significant differences in the degree of manifestation of the main morphometric parameters of seeds, including seed length, endosperm and germ. Samples No. 22 are of the greatest interest by three parameters. Daucus muricatus (L.) L. (Morocco), No. 20. Daucus setifolius Desf. (Morocco), No. 24. Daucus setifolius Desf. (Morocco), which consistently exceeded the control level by a combination of all three parameters. The correlation coefficients between these parameters have been studied, which indicate the possibility of considering them as breeding significant traits. Using the methodology of gradation and comparative analysis of the IG/E index (the size of the germ relative to the endosperm), groups of varieties were identified according to this parameter. The maximum value of the IG/E index was noted in sample No. 2. Daucus carota L. (0.431) and the standard (0.414), which are classified as class 5 according to this parameter. Sample No. 22. Daucus muricatus (L.) L. having the largest germ in physical terms (1.87±0.049), was clearly inferior in relative size (I/E = 0.351) to the standard by 12.9%. The relative size of the endosperm is a more preferable parameter for comparison and selection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дикие формы моркови</kwd><kwd>семя</kwd><kwd>эндосперм</kwd><kwd>зародыш</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wild carrot shapes</kwd><kwd>seed</kwd><kwd>endosperm</kwd><kwd>germ</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балеев Д.Н. Специфика прорастания семян овощных зонтичных культур при различных температурных режимах / Д.Н. Балеев, А.Ф. 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