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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2026-2-20-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-1165</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ, ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGROCHEMISTRY, SOIL SCIENCE AND ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние подвижности почвенных коллоидов на водоудерживающую способность почв</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of soil colloid mobility on soil water retentivity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1016-1906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горепекин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorepekin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Владимирович Горепекин, канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник, факультет почвоведения</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Gorepekin, CSc (Bio), Research Associate, Faculty of Soil Science</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">decembrist96@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-3433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотов</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotov</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федотов Геннадий Николаевич, д-р биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, факультет почвоведения</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadiy N. Fedotov, DSc (Bio), Leading Research Associate, Faculty of Soil Science</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gennadiy.fedotov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-423X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухарев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suharev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухарев Алексей Игоревич, студент, факультет почвоведения</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Suharev, student, Faculty of Soil Science</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">suharevai@my.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6476-8048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gracheva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грачева Татьяна Александровна, канд. биол. наук, старший преподаватель, факультет почвоведения</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Gracheva, CSc (Bio), Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Soil Science</p><p>1, Bldg. 12, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanyadunaeva12@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горепекин И.В., Федотов Г.Н., Сухарев А.И., Грачева Т.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горепекин И.В., Федотов Г.Н., Сухарев А.И., Грачева Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorepekin I.V., Fedotov G.N., Suharev A.I., Gracheva T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1165">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1165</self-uri><abstract><p>Коллоидная составляющая почв влияет на многие почвенные свойства, в том числе на водоудерживающую способность. Для отражения структуры коллоидной составляющей в 30-50-е гг. XX в. был введен термин «пленки-гели». Диагностическим свойством гелей как коллоидных систем является способность к коагуляции и пептизации, то есть к процессам, которые определяют подвижность коллоидных частиц. Целью исследований являлась проверка влияния подвижности почвенных гелей и их компонентов на водоудерживающую способность почв. Исследования проведены на образцах серой лесной почвы и чернозема выщелоченного. Водоудерживающую способность почв определяли методом равновесного центрифугирования, а подвижность коллоидных частиц – путем оценки оптической плотности вытяжек из почв. По результатам опытов установлено, что высушивание почв достоверно снижает водоудерживающую способность почв по сравнению со свежеотобранными образцами. Добавление раствора аммиачной воды к воздушно-сухим образцам позволяет увеличить отрицательный заряд гуминовых веществ в почвах и их подвижность, что подтверждается увеличением оптической плотности вытяжек из почв с повышением концентрации аммиачной воды. Параллельно с увеличением подвижности гуминовых вещества возрастает водоудерживающая способность почв. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что увеличивать водоудерживание можно за счет внесения не только дополнительных водоудерживающих компонентов, но и веществ, способствующих блокировке почвенных капилляров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The colloidal component of soils affects many soil properties, including water retentivity. To reflect the structure of the colloidal component, the term “gel films” was introduced in the 1930s-1950s. A diagnostic property of gels as colloidal systems is their ability to coagulate and peptize – processes that determine the mobility of colloidal particles. The study aimed to investigate the effect of soil gel mobility and their components on soil water retentivity. The research was conducted on samples of grey forest soil and leached chernozem. Soil water retentivity was determined using the equilibrium centrifugation method, while the mobility of colloidal particles was assessed by measuring the optical density of soil extracts. The experimental results showed that soil drying significantly reduces its water retentivity compared to freshly sampled soil. Adding an ammonia water solution to air-dry samples increases the negative charge of humic substances in the soil and enhances their mobility. This is confirmed by an increase in the optical density of soil extracts as the ammonia water solution concentration rises. As the mobility of humic substances increases, soil water retentivity enhances. The findings suggest that water retentivity can be increased not only by adding water-retaining components, but also by using substances that help block soil capillaries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коагуляция</kwd><kwd>пептизация</kwd><kwd>заряд коллоидов в почвах</kwd><kwd>почвенные гели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coagulation</kwd><kwd>peptization</kwd><kwd>colloid charge in soils</kwd><kwd>soil gels</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова (тема №122011800459-3 «Почвенные биомаркеры: идентификация, устойчивость, активность, возможность использования для мониторинга»).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (topic No. 122011800459-3 “Soil biomarkers: identification, stability, activity, possibility of use for monitoring”).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khaledian Y., Brevik E.C., Pereira P., Cerdà A. et al. Modeling soil cation exchange capacity in multiple countries. Catena. 2017;158:194-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.07.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khaledian Y., Brevik E.C., Pereira P., Cerdà A. et al. Modeling soil cation exchange capacity in multiple countries. 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