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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2026-3-82-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-1132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY, CROP PRODUCTION, PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экологически безопасные методы борьбы с паразитическими нематодами растений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Environmentally safe methods for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-9148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Викторович Горбунов, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биорациональных средств и технологий защиты растений для ведения экологизированного, ресурсосберегающего и органического сельского хозяйства</p><p>350039,Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Gorbunov, CSc (Bio), Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Biorational Plant Protection Products and Technologies for Ecologized, Resource-Saving and Organic Agriculture</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar, Krasnodar Territory, 350039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">giv79.79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-3156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нековаль</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekoval</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Николаевна Нековаль, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биорациональных средств и технологий защиты растений для ведения экологизированного, ресурсосберегающего и органического сельского хозяйства</p><p>350039,Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Nekoval, CSc (Bio), Senior Research Associate, Head of the Laboratory of Biorational Plant Protection Products and Technologies for Ecologized, Resource-Saving and Organic Agriculture</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar, Krasnodar Territory, 350039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.nekoval@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-4153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурикова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churikova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арина Константиновна Чурикова, научный сотрудник лаборатории биорациональных средств и технологий защиты растений для ведения экологизированного, ресурсосберегающего и органического сельского хозяйства</p><p>350039,Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina K. Churikova, Research Associate at the Laboratory of Biorational Plant Protection Products and Technologies for Ecologized, Resource-Saving and Organic Agriculture</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar, Krasnodar Territory, 350039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arina.churikova98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр биологической защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Biological Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбунов И.В., Нековаль С.Н., Чурикова А.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбунов И.В., Нековаль С.Н., Чурикова А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbunov I.V., Nekoval S.N., Churikova A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1132">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1132</self-uri><abstract><p>Фитопаразитические нематоды являются наиболее распространенной группой вредных организмов, которые могут наносить большой ущерб сельскохозяйственным культурам, вызывая значительные потери урожая. В местах поражения растений нематодами нередко развивается вторичная инфекция, вызванная патогенными грибами и бактериями. Кроме того, они выступают в качестве переносчиков вирусов, что усугубляет фитосанитарное состояние агроэкосистем. Традиционные методы борьбы (термотерапия, фумигация) обладают рядом ограничений: краткосрочной эффективностью, токсичностью для человека и окружающей среды, накоплением пестицидов в почве и продукции, а также риском формирования устойчивости у патогенов. Поэтому актуальной является необходимость поиска, изучения и применения экологически безопасных методов зашиты растений от фитопаразитических нематод. Цель работы – обобщение и анализ современных отечественных и зарубежных данных о фитопаразитических нематодах как одних из наиболее опасных факторов снижения урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур, а также оценка перспектив применения экологически безопасных биологических и биотехнологических методов защиты растений от них. Современные исследования демонстрируют перспективность применения нематофаговых грибов (Arthrobotrys, Trichoderma, Purpureocillium, Metarizium, Beauveria), которые подавляют нематод за счет хищничества, паразитизма или выделения токсинов; бактерий-антагонистов (Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia), которые синтезируют антибиотики, ферменты и токсины, активизируют защитные реакции растений, конкурируют за ресурсы. Важная роль отводится различным агротехническим приемам, с помощью которых можно снизить инвазионную нагрузку и стабилизировать фитосанитарное состояние почвы. Актуальным является также использование растений-антагонистов и фитохимических средств. Таким образом, биологические методы защиты растений от фитопаразитических нематод представляют собой перспективную альтернативу  химическим нематицидам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Plant-parasitic nematodes are the most widespread group of harmful organisms, capable of causing significant damage to agricultural crops and substantial yield losses. In areas affected by nematodes, secondary infections caused by pathogenic fungi and bacteria often develop; moreover, nematodes serve as vectors of viruses, further aggravating the phytosanitary condition of agroecosystems. Traditional control methods, such as thermotherapy and fumigation, have a number of limitations, including short-term efficacy, toxicity to humans and the environment, accumulation of pesticides in soil and agricultural produce, and the risk of pathogen resistance development. Consequently, there is an urgent need to search for, study, and implement environmentally safe methods for protecting plants against plant-parasitic nematodes. The aim of this study is to synthesize and analyze current domestic and international data on plant-parasitic nematodes as one of the most significant factors reducing crop yields, and to assess the prospects for the application of environmentally safe biological and biotechnological plant protection methods. Recent research highlights the potential of nematophagous fungi (Arthrobotrys, Trichoderma, Purpureocillium, Metarhizium, Beauveria), which suppress nematodes through predation, parasitism, or toxin production; antagonistic bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia), which synthesize antibiotics, enzymes, and toxins, activate plant defense responses, and compete for resources. An important role is also assigned to various agrotechnical practices that can reduce the invasive load and stabilize the phytosanitary condition of the soil. The use of antagonistic plants and phytochemical agents is also relevant. Thus, biological methods for protecting plants against plant-parasitic nematodes represent a promising alternative to chemical nematicides.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биологический метод</kwd><kwd>фитопаразитические нематоды</kwd><kwd>нематицидное действие</kwd><kwd>грибы-нематициды</kwd><kwd>бактерии-нематициды</kwd><kwd>растения-антагонисты</kwd><kwd>фитохимические средства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biological method</kwd><kwd>plant-parasitic nematodes</kwd><kwd>nematicidal activity</kwd><kwd>nematophagous fungi and bacteria</kwd><kwd>antagonistic plants</kwd><kwd>phytochemical agents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках КПНИ «Разработка экологически безопасных приемов защиты земляники садовой от основных вредных объектов в различных агроклиматических зонах РФ» и государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации по теме научно-исследовательской работы № ФГРН-2025–0006.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the Comprehensive Plan of Scientific Studies “Development of environmentally safe methods for protecting garden strawberries from major harmful objects in various agro-climatic zones of the Russian Federation” and the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for research project No. FGRN-2025–0006.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зиновьева С.В., Чижов В.Н., Приданников М.В., Субботин С.А. и др. 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