izvestiiatimacadИзвестия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академииIZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY0021-342XФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева10.26897/0021-342X-2026-2-45-56izvestiiatimacad-1117Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВОGENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTIONВлияние ауксинов на каллусогенез микроклонов Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.Effect of auxins on the callusogenesis in microclones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-3774ЗайцеваС. М.ZaytsevaS. M.

Зайцева Светлана Михайловна, канд. биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры биотехнологии

127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Svetlana M. Zaytseva, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Biotechnology

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434

smzaytseva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5244-4311КиракосянР. Н.KirakosyanR. N.

Рима Нориковна Киракосян, канд. биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры биотехнологии

127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Rima N. Kirakosyan, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Biotechnology

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434

mia41291@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-9006-6044БолотинаЕ. А.BolotinaE. A.

Елизавета Алексеевна Болотина, аспирант кафедры биотехнологии

127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Elizaveta A. Bolotina, postgraduate student of the Department of Biotechnology

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434

LizavetaRodBol@yandex.ruРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation202621052026024556Copyright © Зайцева С.М., Киракосян Р.Н., Болотина Е.А., 20262026Зайцева С.М., Киракосян Р.Н., Болотина Е.А.Zaytseva S.M., Kirakosyan R.N., Bolotina E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1117

Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. – реликтовые гигантские растения, репродуктивная уязвимость которых не вызывает сомнения. В настоящее время остро стоит вопрос истощения природных популяций и исчезновения растений, поэтому особую актуальность приобретают методы биотехнологии для создания генетических банков и биоресурсных коллекций in vitro. К таким технологиям относится метод клонального микроразмножения, позволяющий получать генетически стабильный, «здоровый» посадочный материал с высоким коэффициентом размножения. Экстрактивные вещества из тканей Sequoia sempervirens обладают высокой биологической активностью. Асептические культуры in vitro секвойи также сохраняют способность к биосинтезу веществ с высокой биологической активностью. Известно, что культуры in vitro голосеменных растений отличаются сложностью при инициации и низким темпом роста, поэтому особую актуальность приобретают исследования, направленные на преодоление этих методических барьеров. В исследованиях представлен метод получения каллусной ткани из нижнего апекса микроклонов S. Sempervirens, культивируемых на питательной среде по прописи MS с добавлением различных ауксинов (2,4-D, ИУК, ИМК, НУК) в концентрации 3 мг/л. Наиболее ранней активацией процесса дедифференциации отличался вариант среды с НУК, в то время как каллус, культивируемый на питательной среде с ИУК, характеризовался низким темпом роста и приобретал темно-коричневое окрашивание.

Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. are relict giant plants whose reproductive vulnerability cannot be challenged. Currently, the depletion of natural populations and the risk of plant extinction are acute issues. Therefore, biotechnological methods for creating in vitro genetic banks and bioresource collections are becoming particularly relevant. Such technologies include clonal micropropagation, which allows obtaining genetically stable, “healthy” planting material with a high reproduction rate. Extractive substances from Sequoia sempervirens tissues exhibit high biological activity. Aseptic in vitro cultures also retain the ability to biosynthesize substances with high biological activity. It is known that in vitro gymnosperms cultures are challenging to initiate and exhibit slow growth rates. Therefore, the study aimed at overcoming these methodological barriers is of particular importance. This study presents a method for obtaining callus tissue from the loewr apex of S. sempervirens microclones cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium supplemented with various auxins (2,4-D, IAA, IBA, and NAA) at a concentration of 3 mg/L. The nutrient medium variant with NAA showed the earliest activation of the dedifferentiation process. In contrast, callus cultivated on the medium with IAA exhibited a low growth rate and developed a dark brown colouration.

Sequoia sempervirensмикроклоныкаллусная тканьапексауксины24-DИУКИМКНУКSequoia sempervirensmicroclonescallus tissueapexauxins24-DIAAIBANAAРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках научного проекта № 24-76-00070 «Получение клеточных культур in vitro реликтовых и находящихся под угрозой исчезновения голосеменных растений рода Sequoia и изучение биологической активности ее метаболитов» (Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева).The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation within the framework of scientific project No. 24-76-00070 “Obtaining in vitro cell cultures of relict and endangered gymnosperms of the genus Sequoia and studying the biological activity of its metabolites” (Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy).ReferencesDisney M., Burt A., Wilkes P., Armston J. et al. New 3D measurements of large redwood trees for biomass and structure. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.