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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2025-6-92-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-1116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY, CROP PRODUCTION, PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные инфекционные болезни злаковых трав, используемых для создания спортивных газонов, и методы борьбы с ними (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Main infectious diseases of grasses used in sports turf and their control: a review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-2470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алена Павловна Демидова, аспирант, ассистент</p><p>кафедра ландшафтной архитектуры</p><p>127550; ул. Тимирязевская, 49; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena P. Demidova, postgraduate student, Assistant</p><p>Department of Landscape Architecture</p><p>127550; 49 Timiryazevskaya St.; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.demidova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8564-8142</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белошапкина</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloshapkina</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Олеговна Белошапкина, д-р с.-х. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры</p><p>кафедра защиты растений</p><p>127550; ул. Тимирязевская, 49; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga O. Beloshapkina, DSc (Ag), Professor, Professor</p><p>Department of Plant Protection</p><p>127550; 49 Timiryazevskaya St.; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beloshapkina@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-4562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корякина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koryakina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Вячеславовна Корякина, канд. биол. наук, старший преподаватель</p><p>кафедра ландшафтной архитектуры</p><p>127550; ул. Тимирязевская, 49; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Koryakina, CSc (Bio), Assistant</p><p>Department of Landscape Architecture</p><p>127550; 49 Timiryazevskaya St.; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okoryakina@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демидова А.П., Белошапкина О.О., Корякина О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демидова А.П., Белошапкина О.О., Корякина О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demidova A.P., Beloshapkina O.O., Koryakina O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1116">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1116</self-uri><abstract><p>   В статье первоначально приведены сведения о значении и классификации газонных травостоев, мировых лидерах по уровню культуры, селекции и семеноводству злаковых газонных трав. Оценены в целом состояние спортивных газонов, в том числе футбольных и гольф-полей, с экономической и эколого-географической точек зрения и их местоположение на территории Российской Федерации. Подробно описаны систематика, инфекционные циклы и особенности патогенеза возбудителей заболеваний натуральных спортивных покрытий, классифицированных по поражаемым органам, как болезни, поражающие корневую систему, и болезни, поражающие листовой аппарат (листья, травостой). Как возбудители корневых гнилей, отмечены грибы родов Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Gaeumannomyces graminis, оомицеты рода Pythium. Среди важных инфекционных болезней листового аппарата спортивного травостоя описаны ржавчинные заболевания, различные пятнистости и мучнистая роса. Показано, что среди доминирующих патогенов многие способны в равной степени инфицировать как подземные, так и надземные органы растений-хозяев, среди них указаны грибы родов Bipolaris и Drechslera, вызывающие корневые гнили, пятнистости листьев, некротизацию семян. Среди опасных зимних заболеваний травостоя игровых полей описаны снежные плесени, вызываемые криофильными грибами. Наряду с распространенными заболеваниями спортивных газонов уделено внимание относительно новым, включая антракнозы, пирикуляриоз, «ведьмины кольца» разной этиологии, получившим эпифитотийное распространение на газонах гольф-полей ряда стран в последние десятилетия. Есть сведения о единственном зарегистрированном бактериальном заболевании, встречающемся на участках для спортивных игр – бактериальном увядании листьев (Xanthomonas translucens); приведены названия вирусов, способных поражать газонный травостой. В работе систематизированы данные о методах контроля заболеваний спортивных газонов. Данный обзор представляет теоретический и практический интерес как для ученых и обучающихся специалистов по газоноведению, так и для агрономов в области спортивного газоноводства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   This review commences by detailing the significance and classification of turfgrass stands, along with an overview of global leaders in turfgrass culture, breeding, and seed production. An overall assessment is provided for the state of sports turfs, including football pitches and golf courses, from economic and eco-geographical perspectives, covering their distribution within the Russian Federation. The article thoroughly describes the taxonomy infection cycles, and specific pathogenesis of pathogens causing diseases of natural sports surfaces. These diseases are classified by affected plant organs into those impacting the root system and those affecting the foliar apparatus (leaves, grass). As causal agents of root rots, fungi from the genera Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Gaeumannomyces graminis, and oomycetes from the genus Pythium are noted. Among the significant infectious diseases affecting the foliar apparatus of sports turf, rust diseases, various leaf spots, and powdery mildew are described. It is demonstrated that many dominant pathogens can equally infect both underground and aboveground parts of host plants; these include fungi from the genera Bipolaris and Drechslera, known to cause root rots, leaf spots, and seed necrosis. Dangerous winter diseases of playing fields described include snow molds, caused by cryophilic fungi. Alongside common diseases of sports turfs, attention is paid to relatively new ones, including anthracnose, blast, and ‘fairy rings’ of various etiologies, which have reached epiphytotic levels on golf courses in several countries in recent decades. Information is provided on the only recorded bacterial disease found on sports grounds – bacterial leaf wilt (Xanthomonas translucens); the names of viruses capable of affecting turf grass are also listed. The review systematically organizes data on methods for controlling sports turf diseases. It is of both theoretical and practical interest for researchers and students specializing in turfgrass science, as well as for agronomists in the field of sports turf management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травостой</kwd><kwd>злаки</kwd><kwd>спортивные газоны</kwd><kwd>инфекционные болезни</kwd><kwd>меры борьбы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grass</kwd><kwd>cereals</kwd><kwd>sports lawns</kwd><kwd>infectious diseases</kwd><kwd>control measures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сигалов Б.Я. Долголетние газоны. 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