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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiiatimacad</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Тимирязевской сельскохозяйственной академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IZVESTIYA OF TIMIRYAZEV AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-342X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/0021-342X-2025-5-66-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiiatimacad-1064</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДНК-профилирование и фенотипирование родительских компонентов и гибридов сахарной свеклы (Beta vulgaris L.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DNA profiling and phenotyping of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris l.) parental components and hybrids</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5959-047X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Налбандян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nalbandian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арпине Артаваздовна Налбандян, канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией маркер-ориентированной селекции</p><p>396030, Воронежская область, Рамонский р-н, п. ВНИИСС, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arpine A. Nalbandian, CSc (Bio), Leading Research Associate, Head of the Laboratory of Marker Assisted Selection</p><p>86, VNIISS Vlg., Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region, 396030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arpnal@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6479-9187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федулова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedulova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Петровна Федулова, д-р биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории маркер-ориентированной селекции</p><p>396030, Воронежская область, Рамонский р-н, п. ВНИИСС, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Fedulova, DSc (Bio), Chief Research Associate at the Laboratory of Marker Assisted Selection</p><p>86, VNIISS Vlg., Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region, 396030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biotechnologiya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-5243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черепухина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherepukhina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Вячеславовна Черепухина, канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории маркер-ориентированной селекции</p><p>396030, Воронежская область, Рамонский р-н, п. ВНИИСС, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Cherepukhina, CSc (Bio), Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Marker Assisted Selection</p><p>86, VNIISS Vlg., Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region, 396030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irenius@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-4115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Сергеевна Руденко, научный сотрудник лаборатории маркер-ориентированной селекции</p><p>396030, Воронежская область, Рамонский р-н, п. ВНИИСС, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana S. Rudenko, Research Associate at the Laboratory of Marker Assisted Selection</p><p>86, VNIISS Vlg., Ramonsky District, Voronezh Region, 396030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ipigun6292@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6396-0576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелентьева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melenteva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Александровна Мелентьева, заместитель директора по науке </p><p>222603, Минская область, г. Несвиж, ул. Озерная, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Melenteva, Deputy Director for Science </p><p>1 Ozernaya St., Nesvizh, Minsk Region, 222603 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melenteva-s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сахарной свеклы и сахара имени А.Л. Мазлумова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet of Russian Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Опытная научая станция по сахарной свекле</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Experimental Scientific Station for Sugar Beet</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Налбандян А.А., Федулова Т.П., Черепухина И.В., Руденко Т.С., Мелентьева С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Налбандян А.А., Федулова Т.П., Черепухина И.В., Руденко Т.С., Мелентьева С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nalbandian A.A., Fedulova T.P., Cherepukhina I.V., Rudenko T.S., Melenteva S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1064">https://izvestiia.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1064</self-uri><abstract><p>С помощью ДНК-профилирования и фенотипирования было изучено 10 родительских линий и 10 гибридов сахарной свеклы отечественной и белорусской селекции. 12 микросателлитных локусов характеризовались высоким уровнем полиморфизма (PIC) – от 0,55 до 0,83, с наибольшим значением для локуса Unigene 17623В (PIC = 0,83). Около 92% локусов во всех образцах имели доминантные аллели, встречающиеся у более половины образцов. Среди всех аллелей на всех локусах около 55–60% – доминантные (частота &gt;50%), 25–30% – аллели средней частоты (от 20 до 50%), около 10–15% – редкие аллели (частота &lt;20%), что свидетельствует о высокой консервативности при сохранении генетического разнообразия за счет имеющейся вариабельности аллелей. Кластерный анализ, выполненный на основе матрицы расстояний Жаккара с использованием алгоритма UPGMA в программе PAST, определил разделение 10 гибридов согласно селекционным группам (Рамонская, Льговская и Белорусская), родству родительских форм и плоидности. Гибрид Полибел показал наименьшее сходство с другими гибридами (среднее значение индекса Жаккара – 0,416) по сравнению с гибридом Конкурс, у которого наибольшее сходство (0,592) с выборкой. На основе генетических профилей, полученных с использованием панели полиморфных маркеров, разработаны уникальные молекулярно-генетические паспорта для 10 гибридов. Была выполнена оценка данных генотипов сахарной свеклы Рамонской, Льговской и Белорусской селекции по 27 биоморфологическим признакам, включающим в себя характеристики соответственно регламенту регистрации гибридов, установленному Государственной комиссией Российской Федерации по испытанию и охране селекционных достижений (ФГБУ «Госсорткомиссия»).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Using DNA profiling and phenotyping, 10 parental lines and 10 hybrids of sugar beet from domestic and Belarusian breeding programs were studied. Twelve microsatellite loci exhibited a high level of polymorphism information content (PIC), ranging from 0.55 to 0.83, with the highest value observed at locus Unigene 17623B (PIC = 0.83). Approximately 92% of loci across all samples possessed dominant alleles present in more than half of the samples. Among all alleles across all loci, about 55–60% were dominant (frequency &gt; 50%), 25–30% were of intermediate frequency (20%–50%), and around 10–15% were rare alleles (frequency &lt; 20%), indicating high conservation alongside maintained genetic diversity due to existing allelic variability. Cluster analysis performed based on the Jaccard distance matrix using the UPGMA algorithm in the PAST software delineated the 10 hybrids according to breeding groups (Ramonskaya, Lgovskaya, and Belarusian), parental relatedness, and ploidy level. The hybrid “Polibel” showed the lowest similarity to other hybrids (mean Jaccard index of 0.416), whereas the hybrid “Konkurs” exhibited the highest similarity (0.592) to the sample set. Based on genetic profiles obtained with a panel of polymorphic markers, unique molecular genetic passports were developed for the 10 hybrids. An evaluation of genotype data from the Ramonskaya, Lgovskaya, and Belarusian breeding programs was conducted over 27 biomorphological traits, including those characteristics regulated by the State Commission of the Russian Federation for Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements (FSBI “Gossortkomissiya”) registration guidelines for hybrids.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сахарная свекла</kwd><kwd>микросателлитные локусы</kwd><kwd>праймеры</kwd><kwd>ПЦР-анализ</kwd><kwd>фрагментный анализ</kwd><kwd>идентификация</kwd><kwd>генетический паспорт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sugar beet</kwd><kwd>microsatellite loci</kwd><kwd>primers</kwd><kwd>PCR-analysis</kwd><kwd>fragment analysis</kwd><kwd>identification</kwd><kwd>genetic passport</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке МСХ в рамках выполнения поисковых исследований FGNU-2023–0001 – Разработка методики молекулярно-генетической идентификации и паспортизации гибридов сахарной свеклы с использованием микросателлитных маркеров.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, project number FGNU-2023–0001 entitled “Development of a Molecular Genetic Method for Identification and Passporting Methodology for Sugar Beet Hybrids Using Microsatellite Markers”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалаева Т.В., Анискина Ю.В., Kолобова О.С. и др. 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